Reportage Berlijn Duitsland

The history of trams, streetcars or trolleys began in the early nineteenth century. The world's first horse-drawn passenger tramway started operating in 1807, it was the Swansea and Mumbles Railway, in Wales, UK. It was switching to steam in 1877, and then, in 1929, by very large (106-seats) electric tramcars, until closure in 1961. Horse Cars The first streetcar in America, developed by John Stephenson, began service in the year 1832 in New York. Harlem Railroad's Fourth Avenue Line ran along the Bowery and Fourth Avenue in New York City. These trams were a horse- or mule-powered, usually two as a team. It was followed in 1835 by New Orleans, Louisiana, which is the oldest continuously operating street railway system in the world, according to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Horsecars were largely replaced by electric-powered trams following the improvement of an overhead trolley system on trams for collecting electricity from overhead wires by Frank J. Sprague. Sprague spring-loaded trolley pole used a wheel to travel along the wire. In late 1887 and early 1888, using his trolley system, Sprague installed the first successful large electric street railway system in Richmond, Virginia. By 1889, 110 electric railways incorporating Sprague's equipment had been begun or planned on several continents. Steam Cars Trams were also powered by steam. The most common type had a small steam locomotive (called a tram engine in the UK) at the head of a line of one or more carriages, similar to a small train. Systems with such steam trams included Christchurch, New Zealand; Adelaide, South Australia; Sydney, Australia and other city systems in New South Wales; Munich, Germany (from August 1883 on), British India (Pakistan) (from 1885) and the Dublin & Blessington Steam Tramway (from 1888) in Ireland. Steam tramways also were used on the suburban tramway lines around Milan and Padua; the last Gamba de Legn ("Peg-Leg") tramway ran on the Milan-Magenta-Castano Primo route in late 1958. The other style of steam tram had the steam engine in the body of the tram, referred to as a tram engine (UK) or steam dummy (US). The most notable system to adopt such trams was in Paris. French-designed steam trams also operated in Rockhampton, in the Australian state of Queensland between 1909 and 1939. Stockholm, Sweden, had a steam tram line at the island of Södermalm between 1887 and 1901. Steam tram engines faded out around 1890s to 1900s, being replaced by electric trams. Cable Cars Another system for trams was the cable car, which was pulled along a fixed track by a moving steel cable. The power to move the cable was normally provided at a "powerhouse" site a distance away from the actual vehicle. The London and Blackwall Railway, which opened for passengers in east London, England, in 1840 used such a system. The first practical cable car line was tested in San Francisco, in 1873. Part of its success is attributed to the development of an effective and reliable cable grip mechanism, to grab and release the moving cable without damage. The second city to operate cable trams was Dunedin in New Zealand, from 1881 to 1957. The San Francisco cable cars, though significantly reduced in number, continue to perform a regular transportation function, in addition to being a well-known tourist attraction. A single cable line also survives in Wellington, New Zealand (rebuilt in 1979 as a funicular but still called the "Wellington Cable Car"). Another system, actually two separate cable lines with a shared power station in the middle, operates from the Welsh town of Llandudno up to the top of the Great Orme hill in North Wales, UK. As with all large collections on Picryl, this collection is made in two steps - first, we make a manual dataset, and then, ran 25+ Million public domain images through our neural network image recognition process.

Willem van de Poll was a photographer from Amsterdam who learned photography in Vienna. He worked as a photographer for the police and press and became a famous photographer for international news before World War II. He also took pictures of fashion and advertising in the 1930s. His photos were printed in magazines like Vogue and distributed by AP. During World War II, Van der Poll worked for Phillips and later became the official photographer for Prince Bernard's staff at the Dutch Interior Forces. After the war, he took photos of the Dutch princesses as they grew up. Although many of his contemporaries had left-wing views, Van de Poll liked to live a glamorous life. He did, however, make an impressive report on the Warsaw ghetto in 1934. Willem van de Poll was one of the first Dutch photographers to make models pose outside the studio. Also new was Van de Poll's use of photo models in advertising.

The Weimar Republic was the period of German history from 1919 to 1933, during which Berlin was the capital city. The Weimar Republic was named after the city of Weimar, where the new German government was established after World War I. Berlin in the 1920s was a time of great cultural and social change. After World War I, Germany was in a state of political and economic turmoil, but in Berlin, there was a sense of excitement and freedom that attracted artists, intellectuals, and bohemians from all over Europe. The city became known for its vibrant nightlife, with nightclubs, cabarets, and jazz bars that were open all night long. People danced the Charleston and listened to jazz music, and there was a thriving underground culture that included everything from experimental theater to drag shows. At the same time, Berlin was a center for art and literature, with famous writers like Bertolt Brecht and Christopher Isherwood making their homes there. The Bauhaus movement, which sought to combine art and industry, was founded in Berlin in 1919, and the city became a center for avant-garde art and design. Berlin in the 1920s remains a cultural and artistic icon of the 20th century. During the Weimar Republic, Berlin was a center of cultural and artistic innovation. It was a city of contrasts, with thriving nightlife and a lively arts scene, but also poverty, unemployment, and political unrest. The city became known for its avant-garde art movements, such as Dadaism and Expressionism, and for its progressive and liberal social policies. Berlin was also a political battleground during the Weimar Republic. There were several different political factions vying for power, including the Social Democrats, the Communists, and the Nazis. In 1923, there was hyperinflation, which caused widespread economic hardship and political instability. As the economic situation in Germany was difficult, and there was political unrest as different factions vied for power. In 1923, there was hyperinflation, and people carried wheelbarrows full of money just to buy basic goods. The rise of the Nazi party, which would eventually lead to World War II, was also beginning to take shape in the 1920s.