To Sinai by car. Route from El Kossaima to Ain Kadeis

Title from: Catalogue of photographs & lantern slides ... [1936?].
Date from Matson LOT cards.
Photograph taken in the vicinity of Wadi Geisi between Ain El Qadeirat and Ain Qideis water spring, looking south-southeast and showing the mainstream of Wadi Geisi or one of its tributaries in the foreground (from west to east): Wadi Umm Hashim, Wadi Bali'an and Wadi El 'Asli, and a black goats herd on the slopes of Hauz El Hashimiya hills in the background. (Source: A. Shams, Sinai Peninsula Research, 2018)
The water springs of Muweilih, Qusaima, El Qadeirat and Qideis are located in the vicinity of Biblical Kadesh Barnea on the crossroad of the Nabatean Spice Route between Egypt and Arabia, Darb El Sherif (form El Shatt on the Gulf of Suez to El Qusaima) and Darb Ghaza to the west of the 1906 CE international boundary line between Sinai Peninsula (Egypt under the British Mandate) and the Negev Desert (Palestine under the Ottoman Empire). The latter three springs form the traditional region of Biblical Kadesh Barnea and are located on the eastern section of the Exodus Traditional Route, also known as the Way to the Hill-Country of the Amorites (or the Way to the Reed Sea) or the previously mentioned Darb Ghaza. Upper, Middle and Lower Paleolithic (38,000-22,000 BCE), Epi-Paleolithic (17,000-8,300 BCE), Late Neolithic (5,500-4,500 BCE), Bronze (2,925-? BCE), Iron (fortresses, 11th-6th centuries CE), Persian (5th-4th centuries CE), Ptolemaic, Roman and Byzantine (305 BCE-640 CE) and Nabatean (1st century CE) sites are scattered in the region in the valleys and plateaus surrounding the springs, namely from north to south: Wadi Wabsi, Wadi EL Sabha, Wadi El Qadeirat or El Qusaima, Wadi El Halufi, Wadi El 'Asli, Wadi Geisi, Wadi Umm Hashim, Wadi Bali'an and Wadi Qideis. 'Aazazma (? century CE) and Tarabien (16th century CE) tribes inhabit the region. El Qusaima (and El Kuntella in the south) acted as the administrative centres of east Sinai since 19th century CE. The first asphalt road along Darb El Sherif was constructed by the Egyptian Corps of Engineers in 1950-51 CE (and later extended to the east in 1956-58 CE). The construction of the Israeli settlement Kadesh Barnea was planned in 1977 CE during the occupation of Sinai Peninsula between 1967 and 1982 CE, and before the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel in 1979 CE. The black desert goats are one of the most adapted animals to the surrounding environment. They have the ability to extract maximum energy from desert vegetation and conserve water and food during dehydration periods for several days, when a goat can lose up to 30% of its body weight while moving freely on mountain pastures without water replenishment. Female goats are bred for their high milk supply and young male are used for meat production. (Source: A. Shams, Sinai Peninsula Research, 2018)
Gift; Episcopal Home; 1978.