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Benjamin Franklin, 17th century, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Benjamin Franklin, 17th century, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Medalist: Jean-Baptiste Nini (Italian, Urbino 1717–1786 Chaumont-sur-Loire)

Benjamin Franklin, 17th century, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Benjamin Franklin, 17th century, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Medalist: Jean-Baptiste Nini (Italian, Urbino 1717–1786 Chaumont-sur-Loire)

Benjamin Franklin, 17th century, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Benjamin Franklin, 17th century, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Medalist: Jean-Baptiste Nini (Italian, Urbino 1717–1786 Chaumont-sur-Loire)

Plaque Portrait of Benjamin Franklin

Plaque Portrait of Benjamin Franklin

After Jean-Baptiste Nini (Italian, Urbino 1717–1786 Chaumont-sur-Loire) Made in France

Photo of Medallion of Benjamin Franklin - Public domain dedication

Photo of Medallion of Benjamin Franklin - Public domain dedication

Jean-Baptiste Nini (Italian, Urbino 1717–1786 Chaumont-sur-Loire) Made in France

Figure of Louis XVI and Benjamin Franklin

Figure of Louis XVI and Benjamin Franklin

Public domain photo of France sculpture, 3d object, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description.

Exp[é]rience a[ë]rostatique faite Versailles le 19 sept. 1783

Exp[é]rience a[ë]rostatique faite Versailles le 19 sept. 1783

Vue d'optique shows the balloon launched by the Montgolfier brothers ascending from the Palace of Versailles, France, before the royal family, September 19, 1783. A sheep, a duck and a rooster were the only pa... More

Benjamin Franklin and Richard Oswald discussing the Treaty of Peace Paris

Benjamin Franklin and Richard Oswald discussing the Treaty of Peace Pa...

Depicts events from 1782. Halftone repro. of drawing by Howard Pyle. Illus. in: Scribner Magazine, 1898, v. 24, p. 721. Reference copy may be in LOT 4412K. This record contains unverified, old data from caption... More

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

Henri Becquerel [Atomic Scientists]

Henri Becquerel [Atomic Scientists]

[Atomic Scientists] - [PAR-5939 through PAR-5943] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists] - American Embassy, Paris, France, Marshall Plan photogrpaphs

[Atomic Scientists] - American Embassy, Paris, France, Marshall Plan p...

[Atomic Scientists] - [PAR-5939 through PAR-5943] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists] - American Embassy, Paris, France, Marshall Plan photogrpaphs

[Atomic Scientists] - American Embassy, Paris, France, Marshall Plan p...

[Atomic Scientists] - [PAR-5939 through PAR-5943] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

Marie Sklodowska Curie [Atomic Scientists]

Marie Sklodowska Curie [Atomic Scientists]

[Atomic Scientists] - [PAR-5939 through PAR-5943] Public domain photograph - studio female portrait, 1900s, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists] - American Embassy, Paris, France, Marshall Plan photogrpaphs

[Atomic Scientists] - American Embassy, Paris, France, Marshall Plan p...

[Atomic Scientists] - [PAR-5939 through PAR-5943] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction of Europe

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)], Marshall plan, post-war reconstruction...

[Atomic Scientists (Medicine)] - [FRA-7134 through FRA-7141] Public domain photograph of post-war reconstruction of Europe, work of US government

Range : 60,000 miles This image is a false-color version of a near- infrared map of lower-level clouds on the night side of Venus, obtained by the Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer aboard Galileo. Taken at an infrared wavelength of 2.3 microns (about three times the longest wavelength visible to the human eye) the map shows the turbulent, cloudy middle atmosphere some 30-33 miles above the surface, 6-10 miles below the visible cloudtops. The image shows the radiant heat from the lower atmosphere (about 400 degrees F) shining through the sulfuric acid clouds, which appear as much as 10 times darker than the bright gaps between clouds. The colors indicate relative cloud transparency; white and red show thin cloud regions, while black and blue represent relatively this clouds. This cloud layer is at about 170 degrees F., at a pressure about 1/2 Earth's atmospheric pressure. About 2/3 of the dark hemisphere is visible, centered on longitude 350 West, with bright slivers of daylit high clouds visible at top and bottom left. Near the equator, the clouds appear fluffy and blocky; farther north, they are stretched out into East-West filaments by winds estimated at more than 150 mph, while the poles are capped by thick clouds at this altitude. The Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) on the Galileo is a combined mapping (imaging) and spectral instrument. It can sense 408 contiguous wavelengths from 0.7 microns (deep red) to 5.2 microns, and can construct a map or image by mechanical scanning. It can spectroscopic-ally analyze atmospheres and surfaces and construct thermal and chemical maps. Designed and operated by scientists and engineers at the JPL, NIMS involves 15 scientists in the US, England and France. ARC-1990-AC91-2005

Range : 60,000 miles This image is a false-color version of a near- i...

Range : 60,000 miles This image is a false-color version of a near- infrared map of lower-level clouds on the night side of Venus, obtained by the Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer aboard Galileo. Taken at a... More

STS093-S-001 (September 1998) --- This is the STS-93 mission insignia designed by the crew members. Space shuttle Columbia will carry the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) into low Earth orbit initiating its planned five-year astronomy mission. AXAF is the third of NASA's great observatories, following the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO). AXAF will provide scientists and order-of magnitude improvement over current capabilities at X-ray wavelengths. In the words of the crew, "Observations of X-ray emissions from energetic galaxies and clusters, as well as black holes, promise to greatly expand current understanding of the origin and evolution of our universe." The patch depicts AXAF separating from the space shuttle Columbia after a successful deployment. A spiral galaxy is shown in the background as a possible target for AXAF observations. The two flags represent the international crew, consisting of astronauts from both the United States and France. The NASA insignia design for space shuttle flights is reserved for use by the astronauts and for other official use as the NASA Administrator may authorize. Public availability has been approved only in the forms of illustrations by the various news media. When and if there is any change in this policy, which is not anticipated, the change will be publicly announced. Photo credit: NASA sts093-s-001

STS093-S-001 (September 1998) --- This is the STS-93 mission insignia ...

STS093-S-001 (September 1998) --- This is the STS-93 mission insignia designed by the crew members. Space shuttle Columbia will carry the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) into low Earth orbit initiat... More

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT) for mission STS-93, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley checks out equipment in the orbiter Columbia. The CEIT provides an opportunity for crew members to check equipment and facilities that will be aboard the orbiter during their mission. The STS-93 mission will deploy the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), which comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the telescope, and the science instrument module (SIM). AXAF will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of a variety of high-energy objects to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The other STS-93 crew members are Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman and Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France. Targeted date for the launch of STS-93 is March 18, 1999 KSC-98pc1691

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment In...

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT) for mission STS-93, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley checks out equipment in the orbiter Columbia. The CEIT provides ... More

During the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT) for mission STS-93, Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins checks out the flight deck on the orbiter Columbia, in the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3. The CEIT provides an opportunity for crew members to check equipment and facilities that will be aboard the orbiter during their mission. The STS-93 mission will deploy the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) which comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the telescope, and the science instrument module (SIM). AXAF will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of a variety of high-energy objects to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. The other STS-93 crew members are Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley and Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France. Targeted date for the launch of STS-93 is March 18, 1999 KSC-98pc1688

During the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT) for mission STS-93, Mi...

During the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT) for mission STS-93, Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins checks out the flight deck on the orbiter Columbia, in the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3. The CEIT pro... More

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT), Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman checks equipment that will fly on mission STS-93. The STS-93 mission will deploy the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) which comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the telescope, and the science instrument module (SIM). AXAF will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of a variety of high-energy objects to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The other STS-93 crew members are Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley and Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France. Targeted date for the launch of STS-93 is March 18, 1999 KSC-98pc1690

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment In...

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT), Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman checks equipment that will fly on mission STS-93. The STS-93 mission will deplo... More

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT) for mission STS-93, crew members pose for a photograph . From left they are Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France. Above Ashby's head is Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman. Not shown is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Collins is the first woman to serve as a mission commander on a shuttle flight. The CEIT provides an opportunity for crew members to check equipment and facilities that will be aboard the orbiter during their mission. The STS-93 mission will deploy the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), which comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the telescope, and the science instrument module (SIM). AXAF will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of a variety of high-energy objects to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Targeted date for the launch of STS-93 is March 18, 1999 KSC-98pc1692

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment In...

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT) for mission STS-93, crew members pose for a photograph . From left they are Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot J... More

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT) for mission STS-93, Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins checks out her seat in the orbiter Columbia. Collins is the first woman to serve as a mission commander on a shuttle flight. The CEIT provides an opportunity for crew members to check equipment and facilities that will be aboard the orbiter during their mission. The STS-93 mission will deploy the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), which comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the telescope, and the science instrument module (SIM). AXAF will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of a variety of high-energy objects to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The other STS-93 crew members are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley and Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France. Targeted date for the launch of STS-93 is March 18, 1999 KSC-98pc1689

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment In...

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT) for mission STS-93, Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins checks out her seat in the orbiter Columbia. Collins is the firs... More

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, aboard the orbiter Columbia, STS-93 Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins listens to Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT). Collins is the first woman to serve as a mission commander on a shuttle flight. The CEIT provides an opportunity for crew members to check equipment and facilities that will be aboard the orbiter during their mission. The rest of the crew members are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman, and Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France. The STS-93 mission will deploy the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), which comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the telescope, and the science instrument module (SIM). AXAF will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of a variety of high-energy objects to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Targeted date for the launch of STS-93 is March 18, 1999 KSC-98pc1693

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, aboard the orbiter Columbia,...

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, aboard the orbiter Columbia, STS-93 Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins listens to Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT). ... More

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT), Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (left) and Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins (right) check equipment that will fly on mission STS-93. The STS-93 mission will deploy the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) which comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the telescope, and the science instrument module (SIM). AXAF will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of a variety of high-energy objects to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. The other STS-93 crew members are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley and Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France. Targeted date for the launch of STS-93 is March 18, 1999 KSC-98pc1687

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment In...

In the Orbiter Processing Facility Bay 3, during the Crew Equipment Interface Test (CEIT), Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (left) and Mission Commander Eileen M. Collins (right) check equipment that wil... More

Before leaving KSC, STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins poses by a T-38 jet trainer aircraft at the Shuttle Landing Facility. She and the rest of the STS-93 crew spent two days visiting mission-related sites, including the Vertical Processing Facility where the Chandra X-ray Observatory is undergoing testing. STS-93 is scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia and has the primary mission of the deployment of the observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe. Collins is the first woman to serve as commander of a Space Shuttle. Other STS-93 crew members are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman, Steven A. Hawley, and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) KSC-99pc0190

Before leaving KSC, STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins poses by a T-38...

Before leaving KSC, STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins poses by a T-38 jet trainer aircraft at the Shuttle Landing Facility. She and the rest of the STS-93 crew spent two days visiting mission-related sites, in... More

In the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF), the STS-93 crew pose in front of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which is the primary payload of their mission. From left, the crew members are Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Steven A. Hawley, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, and Commander Eileen M. Collins. Tognini represents France's space agency, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). STS-93 is scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0184

In the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF), the STS-93 crew pose in fro...

In the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF), the STS-93 crew pose in front of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which is the primary payload of their mission. From left, the crew members are Mission Specialists Cath... More

In the Solid Motor Assembly Building, Cape Canaveral Air Station, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman kneels next to the Inertial Upper Stage booster being readied for the mission. Other crew members (not shown) are Commander Eileen Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). STS-93, scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0187

In the Solid Motor Assembly Building, Cape Canaveral Air Station, STS-...

In the Solid Motor Assembly Building, Cape Canaveral Air Station, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman kneels next to the Inertial Upper Stage booster being readied for the mission. Other crew members... More

In the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, , STS-93 crew members listen to Site Director Dan Hausman, with Rocketdyne, while looking over the main engine of the Space Shuttle Columbia. From left, they are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialists Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), and Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman, Commander Eileen Collins and Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. STS-93, scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0181

In the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, , STS-93 crew members liste...

In the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, , STS-93 crew members listen to Site Director Dan Hausman, with Rocketdyne, while looking over the main engine of the Space Shuttle Columbia. From left, they are Pilot... More

In the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF), the Chandra X-ray Observatory is the object of attention of the STS-93 crew and workers on the floor. STS-93, scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Crew members are Commander Eileen Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley, Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0183

In the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF), the Chandra X-ray Observato...

In the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF), the Chandra X-ray Observatory is the object of attention of the STS-93 crew and workers on the floor. STS-93, scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia,... More

In the Solid Motor Assembly Building, Cape Canaveral Air Station, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (left) lifts the protective covering to look at the avionics box on the Inertial Upper Stage booster. Next to her are Eric Herrburger (center), with Boeing, and crew member Mission Specialist Michel Tognini (right) of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). STS-93 is scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia and has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe. Other STS-93 crew members are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley KSC-99pc0188

In the Solid Motor Assembly Building, Cape Canaveral Air Station, STS-...

In the Solid Motor Assembly Building, Cape Canaveral Air Station, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (left) lifts the protective covering to look at the avionics box on the Inertial Upper Stage boos... More

STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), poses in the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, which holds the main engine of the orbiter Columbia. He and other crew members Commander Eileen Collins, Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley are visiting Kennedy to look over the primary payload, the Chandra X-ray Observatory. STS-93 is scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0180

STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the...

STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), poses in the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, which holds the main engine of the orbiter Colu... More

In the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, the STS-93 crew poses in the nozzle of Space Shuttle Columbia's main engine. From left, they are Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Commander Eileen Collins, Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. STS-93, scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0179

In the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, the STS-93 crew poses in th...

In the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, the STS-93 crew poses in the nozzle of Space Shuttle Columbia's main engine. From left, they are Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre... More

In the Solid Motor Assembly Building, Cape Canaveral Air Station, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley look over the Inertial Upper Stage booster being readied for their mission. Other crew members (not shown) are Commander Eileen Collins and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). STS-93, scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0186

In the Solid Motor Assembly Building, Cape Canaveral Air Station, STS-...

In the Solid Motor Assembly Building, Cape Canaveral Air Station, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley look over the Inertial Upper Stage booster being readied for their mission... More

STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins (pictured) is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. Collins will command the crew of STS-93 on a five-day mission aboard Space Shuttle Columbia on its newly scheduled launch date July 9. The other STS-93 crew members are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley, Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, representing the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The primary mission of STS-93 is the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0176

STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins (pictured) is the first woman to serve...

STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins (pictured) is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission ST... More

In the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF), the STS-93 crew stands in front of the VPF Aft Flight Deck simulator, which is part of KSC's Cargo Integration Test Equipment. From left, they are Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, Commander Eileen M. Collins, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman. Tognini represents France's space agency, the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). STS-93, scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which is undergoing testing in the VPF. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0182

In the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF), the STS-93 crew stands in f...

In the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF), the STS-93 crew stands in front of the VPF Aft Flight Deck simulator, which is part of KSC's Cargo Integration Test Equipment. From left, they are Mission Specialist M... More

In the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, STS-93 crew members listen to Site Director Dan Hausman, with Rocketdyne, while looking over the main engine of the Space Shuttle Columbia. From left, they are Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley, Commander Eileen Collins and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby. Other crew members (not shown) are Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), and Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman. STS-93, scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0178

In the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, STS-93 crew members listen ...

In the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility, STS-93 crew members listen to Site Director Dan Hausman, with Rocketdyne, while looking over the main engine of the Space Shuttle Columbia. From left, they are Mission... More

Inside the Vehicle Assembly Building, two STS-93 crew members, (center) Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, get a close look at something seldom seen, the tip of an external tank. With them are Roland Nedelkovich (far left), with the Vertical Integration Test Team, and John Hlavacka (far right). STS-93 is scheduled to launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia and has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe. Other STS-93 crew members are Commander Eileen M. Collins and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Steven A. Hawley KSC-99pc0189

Inside the Vehicle Assembly Building, two STS-93 crew members, (center...

Inside the Vehicle Assembly Building, two STS-93 crew members, (center) Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, get a close look at something seldom seen, the tip of an external ... More

Members of the STS-93 crew look over the Space Shuttle Columbia's main engine in the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility as they listen to Al Strainer, with United Space Alliance. From left, the crew members are Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley, and Commander Eileen Collins. At the far right is Matt Gaetjens, with the Vehicle Integration Test Team. The fifth crew member (not shown) is Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman. STS-93, scheduled to launch July 9, has the primary mission of the deployment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pc0177

Members of the STS-93 crew look over the Space Shuttle Columbia's main...

Members of the STS-93 crew look over the Space Shuttle Columbia's main engine in the Space Shuttle Main Engine Facility as they listen to Al Strainer, with United Space Alliance. From left, the crew members are... More

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Commander Eileen Collins join a TRW technician observing the Chandra X-ray Observatory on top of a work stand. Other members of the STS-93 crew who are at KSC for payload familiarization are Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. The fifth member of the crew is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 . Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pp0336

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and...

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Commander Eileen Collins join a TRW technician observing the Chandra X-ray Observatory on top of a work stand. Other members of the STS-93 ... More

A TRW technician joins STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins (center) and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby (right) as they observe the Chandra X-ray Observatory on its work stand inside the Vertical Processing Facility. Other members of the STS-93 crew who are at KSC for payload familiarization are Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. The fifth member of the crew is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 . Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pp0335

A TRW technician joins STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins (center) and Pi...

A TRW technician joins STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins (center) and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby (right) as they observe the Chandra X-ray Observatory on its work stand inside the Vertical Processing Facility. Other ... More

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Commander Eileen M. Collins look at a hinge used on the solar panels of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Members of the STS-93 crew are at KSC for payload familiarization. Also participating are Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, representing the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. The fifth member of the crew is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 . Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pp0332

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and...

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Commander Eileen M. Collins look at a hinge used on the solar panels of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Members of the STS-93 crew are at KS... More

During payload familiarization, four members of the STS-93 crew pose in front of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which is in the Vertical Processing Facility. From left are Commander Eileen Collins, Mission Specialists Michel Tognini of France and Catherine G. Coleman, and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby. Tognini represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. The fifth member of the STS-93 crew is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 . Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pp0334

During payload familiarization, four members of the STS-93 crew pose i...

During payload familiarization, four members of the STS-93 crew pose in front of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which is in the Vertical Processing Facility. From left are Commander Eileen Collins, Mission Spec... More

STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins poses at the foot of the Chandra X-ray Observatory during payload familiarization. Other members of the STS-93 crew who are at KSC are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. The fifth member of the crew is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 . Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pp0339

STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins poses at the foot of the Chandra X-ray...

STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins poses at the foot of the Chandra X-ray Observatory during payload familiarization. Other members of the STS-93 crew who are at KSC are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Speciali... More

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman and Commander Eileen M. Collins look at a hinge used on the solar panels of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Members of the STS-93 crew are at KSC for payload familiarization, including Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, representing the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. The fifth member of the crew is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 . Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pp0333

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mi...

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman and Commander Eileen M. Collins look at a hinge used on the solar panels of the Chandra X-ray Observat... More

STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins poses with her camera in front of the Chandra X-ray Observatory during payload familiarization. Other members of the STS-93 crew who are at KSC are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. The fifth member of the crew is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 . Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pp0337

STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins poses with her camera in front of the ...

STS-93 Commander Eileen Collins poses with her camera in front of the Chandra X-ray Observatory during payload familiarization. Other members of the STS-93 crew who are at KSC are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mis... More

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby gets a close look at the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Other members of the STS-93 crew who are at KSC for payload familiarization are Commander Eileen Collins and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. The fifth member of the crew is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 . Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pp0340

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby get...

In the Vertical Processing Facility, STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby gets a close look at the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Other members of the STS-93 crew who are at KSC for payload familiarization are Commander E... More

STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby learns about the solar panel hinge, held by a TRW technician, and its use on the Chandra X-ray Observatory behind them. Members of the STS-93 crew are at KSC for payload familiarization, including Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a shuttle mission commander. She was the first woman pilot of a Space Shuttle, on mission STS-63, and also served as pilot on mission STS-84. The fifth member of the crew is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 9 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 . Formerly called the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility, Chandra comprises three major elements: the spacecraft, the science instrument module (SIM), and the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe KSC-99pp0338

STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby learns about the solar panel hinge, held...

STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby learns about the solar panel hinge, held by a TRW technician, and its use on the Chandra X-ray Observatory behind them. Members of the STS-93 crew are at KSC for payload familiariz... More

STS-93 Mission Specialists Catherine Coleman (left) and Michel Tognini of France (right), representing the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), look over material on the mission payload behind them, the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Chandra is being mated with the Inertial Upper Stage (IUS) before testing to validate the IUS/Chandra connections and to check the orbiter avionics interfaces. Following that, an end-to-end test (ETE) will be conducted to verify the communications path to Chandra, commanding it as if it were in space. With the world's most powerful X-ray telescope, Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 22 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 KSC-99pp0626

STS-93 Mission Specialists Catherine Coleman (left) and Michel Tognini...

STS-93 Mission Specialists Catherine Coleman (left) and Michel Tognini of France (right), representing the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), look over material on the mission payload behind them, the C... More

STS-93 Mission Specialists Catherine Coleman (left) and Michel Tognini of France (right), who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), look over the controls for the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Chandra is being mated with the Inertial Upper Stage (IUS) before testing to validate the IUS/Chandra connections and to check the orbiter avionics interfaces. Following that, an end-to-end test (ETE) will be conducted to verify the communications path to Chandra, commanding it as if it were in space. With the world's most powerful X-ray telescope, Chandra will allow scientists from around the world to see previously invisible black holes and high-temperature gas clouds, giving the observatory the potential to rewrite the books on the structure and evolution of our universe. Chandra is scheduled for launch July 22 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia, on mission STS-93 KSC-99pp0627

STS-93 Mission Specialists Catherine Coleman (left) and Michel Tognini...

STS-93 Mission Specialists Catherine Coleman (left) and Michel Tognini of France (right), who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), look over the controls for the Chandra X-ray Observatory. ... More

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins talks to the media after arriving at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. TCDT activities familiarize the crew with the mission, provide training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. Joining Collins are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, with the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe KSC-99pp0714

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins talks to the media after arriving a...

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins talks to the media after arriving at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. TCDT activities familiarize the ... More

STS-93 Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) grins as he steps down from a T-38 jet aircraft after landing at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility. The STS-93 crew are at KSC to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. TCDT activities familiarize the crew with the mission, provide training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Joining Hawley are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, with the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe KSC-99pp0713

STS-93 Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) grins as he steps d...

STS-93 Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) grins as he steps down from a T-38 jet aircraft after landing at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility. The STS-93 crew are at KSC to participate in Terminal Countdow... More

The STS-93 crew pose for photographers and the media after arriving at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. From left are Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, Commander Eileen M. Collins at the microphone, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. Tognini represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). TCDT activities familiarize the crew with the mission, provide training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe KSC-99pp0715

The STS-93 crew pose for photographers and the media after arriving at...

The STS-93 crew pose for photographers and the media after arriving at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. From left are Mission Specialists... More

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins smiles on her arrival at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility aboard a T-38 jet aircraft to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. TCDT activities familiarize the crew with the mission, provide training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Joining Collins are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, with the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe KSC-99pp0710

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins smiles on her arrival at KSC's Shut...

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins smiles on her arrival at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility aboard a T-38 jet aircraft to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. TCDT activities f... More

STS-93 Michel Tognini of France arrives at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. TCDT activities familiarize the crew with the mission, provide training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Joining Tognini are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.). Tognini represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe KSC-99pp0712

STS-93 Michel Tognini of France arrives at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facil...

STS-93 Michel Tognini of France arrives at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. TCDT activities familiarize the crew with the mission, provid... More

STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) grins on her arrival at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility aboard a T-38 jet to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. TCDT activities familiarize the crew with the mission, provide training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Joining Coleman are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who is with the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe KSC-99pp0711

STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) grins on her ar...

STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) grins on her arrival at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility aboard a T-38 jet to participate in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Tests (TCDT) this week. TCDT ac... More

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins climbs into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part in emergency egress training. Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0726

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins climbs into an M-113 armored person...

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins climbs into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part in emergency egress training. Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. In prepar... More

During emergency egress training inside an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad, Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France and Commander Eileen M. Collins share a light moment. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Also at KSC are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. Tognini represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0725

During emergency egress training inside an M-113 armored personnel car...

During emergency egress training inside an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad, Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France and Commander Eileen M. Collins share a light moment. In preparation for... More

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins has her launch and entry suit checked by a technician in the Operations and Checkout Bldg. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include equipment check and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew participating are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0735

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins has her launch and entry suit check...

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins has her launch and entry suit checked by a technician in the Operations and Checkout Bldg. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Coun... More

STS-93 Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), pauses for the photographer before climbing into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part in emergency egress training. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). Collins is the first woman to serve as a mission commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0728

STS-93 Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'...

STS-93 Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), pauses for the photographer before climbing into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part ... More

The STS-93 crew pose in front of an M-113, an armored personnel carrier, which they will use for emergency egress training from the launch pad. From left are Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, Commander Eileen M. Collins and Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. Tognini represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). TCDT activities familiarize the crew with the mission, provide training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0723

The STS-93 crew pose in front of an M-113, an armored personnel carrie...

The STS-93 crew pose in front of an M-113, an armored personnel carrier, which they will use for emergency egress training from the launch pad. From left are Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Pilot J... More

In the Operations and Checkout Bldg., Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) has his launch and entry suit checked by technicians. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include equipment check and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0734

In the Operations and Checkout Bldg., Mission Specialist Steven A. Haw...

In the Operations and Checkout Bldg., Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) has his launch and entry suit checked by technicians. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Ter... More

STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) smiles for the photographer before climbing into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part in emergency egress training. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a mission commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0729

STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) smiles for the ...

STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) smiles for the photographer before climbing into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part in emergency egress training. In prepara... More

STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), has his launch and entry suit checked by a technician in the Operations and Checkout Bldg. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include equipment check and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0737

STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the...

STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), has his launch and entry suit checked by a technician in the Operations and Checkout Bldg. In pr... More

In the Operations and Checkout Bldg., STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins checks out a PRC-112 survival radio, part of flight equipment, under the eye of Ray Cuevas, with United Space Alliance. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include equipment check and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew participating are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0739

In the Operations and Checkout Bldg., STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Colli...

In the Operations and Checkout Bldg., STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins checks out a PRC-112 survival radio, part of flight equipment, under the eye of Ray Cuevas, with United Space Alliance. In preparation fo... More

Under the watchful eyes of Capt. George Hoggard (left), trainer with the KSC Fire Department, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) drives the M-113 armored personnel carrier during emergency egress training at the launch pad. Behind her is Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Commander Eileen M. Collins. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew participating are Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a mission commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0730

Under the watchful eyes of Capt. George Hoggard (left), trainer with t...

Under the watchful eyes of Capt. George Hoggard (left), trainer with the KSC Fire Department, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) drives the M-113 armored personnel carrier during emergency e... More

STS-93 Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) smiles for the photographer before climbing into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part in emergency egress training. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a mission commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0731

STS-93 Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) smiles for the phot...

STS-93 Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) smiles for the photographer before climbing into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part in emergency egress training. In preparation... More

In the Operations and Checkout Bldg., STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) checks out her launch and entry suit. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include equipment check and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0733

In the Operations and Checkout Bldg., STS-93 Mission Specialist Cather...

In the Operations and Checkout Bldg., STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) checks out her launch and entry suit. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal... More

During launch and entry suit check in the Operations and Checkout Bldg, STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), tries on his helmet. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include equipment check and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0738

During launch and entry suit check in the Operations and Checkout Bldg...

During launch and entry suit check in the Operations and Checkout Bldg, STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), tries on his helmet. In ... More

Under the watchful eyes of KSC Fire Department trainer Capt. George Hoggard (seated on the front), STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France (right) drives the M-113 armored personnel carrier during emergency egress training at the launch pad. Tognini represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). At the far left is Roland Nedelkovich, with the Vehicle Integration Test Team, JSC. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0732

Under the watchful eyes of KSC Fire Department trainer Capt. George Ho...

Under the watchful eyes of KSC Fire Department trainer Capt. George Hoggard (seated on the front), STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France (right) drives the M-113 armored personnel carrier during em... More

STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby has his launch and entry suit checked by a technician in the Operations and Checkout Bldg. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include equipment check and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0736

STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby has his launch and entry suit checked by...

STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby has his launch and entry suit checked by a technician in the Operations and Checkout Bldg. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown... More

STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby pauses for the photographer before climbing into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part in emergency egress training. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew are participating in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Others in the crew are Commander Eileen M. Collins and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a mission commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0727

STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby pauses for the photographer before climb...

STS-93 Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby pauses for the photographer before climbing into an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad to take part in emergency egress training. In preparation for their mission, t... More

Inside an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad, the STS-93 crew take part in emergency egress training under the watchful eyes of Capt. George Hoggard (center), trainer with the KSC Fire Department. From left are Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, Commander Eileen M. Collins, Hoggard, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). Collins is the first woman to serve as mission commander. Tognini represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The training is part of Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that also include a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. Chandra is expected to provide unique and crucial information on the nature of objects ranging from comets in our solar system to quasars at the edge of the observable universe. Since X-rays are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, space-based observatories are necessary to study these phenomena and allow scientists to analyze some of the greatest mysteries of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0724

Inside an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad, the STS-9...

Inside an M-113 armored personnel carrier at the launch pad, the STS-93 crew take part in emergency egress training under the watchful eyes of Capt. George Hoggard (center), trainer with the KSC Fire Department... More

The STS-93 crew poses for a photo on Launch Pad 39B during a break in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities. From left are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. Behind them is the Space Shuttle Columbia, with only the solid rocket boosters and external tank showing, on the mobile launcher platform. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew members are participating in the TCDT, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0744

The STS-93 crew poses for a photo on Launch Pad 39B during a break in ...

The STS-93 crew poses for a photo on Launch Pad 39B during a break in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities. From left are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Spec... More

At the 195-foot level of Launch Pad 39B, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) takes in the view. The STS-93 crew members are at KSC to participate in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Other crew members are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0746

At the 195-foot level of Launch Pad 39B, STS-93 Mission Specialist Cat...

At the 195-foot level of Launch Pad 39B, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) takes in the view. The STS-93 crew members are at KSC to participate in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, w... More

(From left) STS-93 Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), and Commander Eileen M. Collins watch and listen to Bob Parks, a Safety Egress trainer with United Space Alliance, explaining the use of the slideware basket for emergency egress from the pad. Inside the basket are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The STS-93 crew members are at KSC to participate in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0747

(From left) STS-93 Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) an...

(From left) STS-93 Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) and Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), and Commander Eileen M. Collins watch and listen to Bob Parks, a Safety Egress trainer with United Space Allianc... More

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Inside the "White Room" at Launch Pad 39B, the STS-93 crew poses for a photo before passing through the hatch on the orbiter Columbia. In the back row are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Commander Eileen M. Collins and Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Kneeling in front are Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). The White Room is an environmentally controlled chamber that abuts the orbiter hatch. In preparation for their mission, the STS-93 crew members are participating in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0745

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Inside the "White Room" at Launch Pad 39...

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Inside the "White Room" at Launch Pad 39B, the STS-93 crew poses for a photo before passing through the hatch on the orbiter Columbia. In the back row are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, C... More

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins (with microphone) talks to the press at a question and answer session at the slidewire basket area of Launch Pad 39B. She is joined by other crew members (from left) Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The crew members have been taking part in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0748

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins (with microphone) talks to the pres...

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins (with microphone) talks to the press at a question and answer session at the slidewire basket area of Launch Pad 39B. She is joined by other crew members (from left) Pilot Jef... More

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins sits on the flight deck of the orbiter Columbia during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities that include emergency exit training and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Other crew members participating are Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0763

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins sits on the flight deck of the orbi...

STS-93 Commander Eileen M. Collins sits on the flight deck of the orbiter Columbia during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities that include emergency exit training and a launch-day dress rehe... More

STS-93 Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) sits inside the orbiter Columbia during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities that include emergency exit training and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Other crew members participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0762

STS-93 Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) sits inside the orbiter Columbia d...

STS-93 Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) sits inside the orbiter Columbia during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities that include emergency exit training and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminat... More

After suiting up for their practice countdown exercise, STS-93 crew members wave to onlookers as they head for the bus outside the Operations and Checkout Building for the trip to Launch Pad 39B. From rear left are Mission Specialists Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), and Commander Eileen M. Collins. Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The crew members have been taking part in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0749

After suiting up for their practice countdown exercise, STS-93 crew me...

After suiting up for their practice countdown exercise, STS-93 crew members wave to onlookers as they head for the bus outside the Operations and Checkout Building for the trip to Launch Pad 39B. From rear left... More

STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), pauses during an emergency egress exercise from the fixed service structure on Launch Pad 39B. Other crew members participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The crew members have been taking part in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes the dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0755

STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the...

STS-93 Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), pauses during an emergency egress exercise from the fixed service structure on Launch Pad 39B. O... More

On Launch Pad 39B, (right) STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) gives a thumbs up to Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France (left) to pull the lever that will release the slidewire basket they are in. Also in the basket is Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.). The baskets are part of an emergency escape route for persons in the Shuttle and on the Rotating Service Structure. During the exercise, which is part of Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities, the basket is wired in place. The TCDT also includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Other crew members participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby. Tognini represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0758

On Launch Pad 39B, (right) STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Cole...

On Launch Pad 39B, (right) STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) gives a thumbs up to Mission Specialist Michel Tognini of France (left) to pull the lever that will release the slidewire basket... More

During an emergency egress exercise at the launch pad, three STS-93 crew members stand in a slidewire basket that is part of an emergency escape route for persons in the Shuttle and on the Rotating Service Structure. From left are Mission Specialists Michel Tognini of France, Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.). The crew have been taking part in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities that include the emergency exit training and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Other crew members participating are Commander Eileen M. Collins and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby. Tognini represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0760

During an emergency egress exercise at the launch pad, three STS-93 cr...

During an emergency egress exercise at the launch pad, three STS-93 crew members stand in a slidewire basket that is part of an emergency escape route for persons in the Shuttle and on the Rotating Service Stru... More

During an emergency egress exercise at the launch pad, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby (left) and Commander Eileen M. Collins (right) practice getting into the slidewire basket that is part of an emergency escape route for persons in the Shuttle and on the Rotating Service Structure. The STS-93 crew has been taking part in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities that include the emergency exit training and a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. Other crew members participating are Mission Specialists Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0761

During an emergency egress exercise at the launch pad, Pilot Jeffrey S...

During an emergency egress exercise at the launch pad, Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby (left) and Commander Eileen M. Collins (right) practice getting into the slidewire basket that is part of an emergency escape route ... More

STS-93 crew members eagerly head for the bus outside the Operations and Checkout Building for the trip to Launch Pad 39B. From rear left are Mission Specialists Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), and Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, and Commander Eileen M. Collins. Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The crew members have been taking part in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0753

STS-93 crew members eagerly head for the bus outside the Operations an...

STS-93 crew members eagerly head for the bus outside the Operations and Checkout Building for the trip to Launch Pad 39B. From rear left are Mission Specialists Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Cent... More

At the 195-foot level on Launch Pad 39B, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) leads Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), along the yellow-painted path toward the emergency slidewire basket. As part of Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities, they are participating in an emergency egress exercise, along with other crew members Commander Eileen M. Collins and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby. Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The crew members have been taking part in the TCDT, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0757

At the 195-foot level on Launch Pad 39B, STS-93 Mission Specialist Cat...

At the 195-foot level on Launch Pad 39B, STS-93 Mission Specialist Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.) leads Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.) and Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre Nationa... More

With the external tank and solid rocket booster (left) looming behind them, the STS-93 crew poses on a high level of the fixed service structure at Launch Pad 39B. From left are Mission Specialists Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), Commander Eileen M. Collins, and Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby. Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The crew members have been taking part in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes the dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in space to help understand the structure and evolution of the universe. The targeted launch date for STS-93 is no earlier than July 20 at 12:36 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B KSC-99pp0756

With the external tank and solid rocket booster (left) looming behind ...

With the external tank and solid rocket booster (left) looming behind them, the STS-93 crew poses on a high level of the fixed service structure at Launch Pad 39B. From left are Mission Specialists Steven A. Ha... More

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