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A new map of the English plantations in America.

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Summary

Public domain image of a navigation map, harbor, sea, naval battle, 16th-17th century maritime geography, free to use, no copyright restrictions - Picryl description:

I. N. Phelps Stokes Collection of American Historical Prints.

In the late sixteenth century, French, English and Dutch merchant and privateer ships began attacking Spanish and Portuguese in West Indies coastal areas. They had bases in the places the Spanish could not conquer, such as the Lesser Antilles, the northern coast of South America, the mouth of the Orinoco, and the Atlantic Coast of Central America. They managed to establish their foot on St Kitts in 1624 and Barbados in 1626. When the Sugar Revolution took off, they brought in thousands of African slaves to work the fields and mills. English, Dutch, French and Spanish colonists, and in many cases their slaves from Africa first entered and then occupied the coast of The Guianas. The Dutch, allied with the Caribs of the Orinoco carried the fight against Spanish in all South America. The English of Jamaica established alliances with the Miskito Kingdom of modern-day Nicaragua and Honduras, and began logging on the coast of modern-day Belize. These interconnected commercial and diplomatic relations made up the Western Caribbean Zone which was in place in the early eighteenth century. West Indies gave names to several West India companies of the 17th and 18th centuries, including the Danish West India Company, the Dutch West India Company, the French West India Company, and the Swedish West India Company.

In the 17th century, maps took a huge leap forward. Mathematical and astronomical knowledge necessary to make accurate measurements had evolved. English mathematicians had perfected triangulation: navigation and surveying by right-angled triangles. Triangulation allowed navigators to set accurate courses and produced accurate land surveys. Seamen learned to correct their compasses for declination and had determined the existence of annual compass variation. Latitude determination was greatly improved with the John Davis quadrant. The measurement of distance sailed at sea was improved by another English invention, the common log. Longitudinal distance between Europe and Québec was determined by solar and lunar eclipses by the Jesuit Bressani in the 1640s and by Jean Deshayes in 1686. With accurate surveys in Europe, the grid of the modern map began to take shape.

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south america west indies central america great britain colonies america north america prints maps the miriam and ira d wallach division of art prints and photographs print collection i n phelps stokes collection of american historical prints english plantations hollar wenceslaus 1607 1677 engraver morden robert d 1703 publisher berry william fl 1669 1708 publisher engravings map english plantations phelps stokes collection american historical prints stokes collelction map of united states colonial period engraving images of united states maps age of discovery age of discovery maps american colonies early america ultra high resolution high resolution navigation ship caravel map of south america antique maps
date_range

Date

1675
person

Contributors

Hollar, Wenceslaus (1607-1677), Engraver
Morden, Robert (d. 1703), Publisher
Berry, William (fl. 1669-1708), Publisher
collections

in collections

Collection of American Historical Prints.

I. N. Phelps Stokes Collection of American Historical Prints.

West Indies

West Indies colonization by North Europeans

XVII Century Maps

Birth of modern maps.
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Source

New York Public Library
link

Link

http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/
copyright

Copyright info

Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication ("CCO 1.0 Dedication")

label_outline Explore Images Of United States Maps, Stokes Collelction, I N Phelps Stokes Collection Of American Historical Prints

Topics

south america west indies central america great britain colonies america north america prints maps the miriam and ira d wallach division of art prints and photographs print collection i n phelps stokes collection of american historical prints english plantations hollar wenceslaus 1607 1677 engraver morden robert d 1703 publisher berry william fl 1669 1708 publisher engravings map english plantations phelps stokes collection american historical prints stokes collelction map of united states colonial period engraving images of united states maps age of discovery age of discovery maps american colonies early america ultra high resolution high resolution navigation ship caravel map of south america antique maps