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Mercury Project - The Little Joe launch vehicle for the LJ1 mission

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Summary

The Little Joe launch vehicle for the LJ1 mission on the launch pad at the wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, Virginia, on January 21, 1960. This mission achieved the suborbital Mercury cupsule test, testing of the escape system, and biomedical tests by using a monkey, named Miss Sam.

The Space Race began with a shock to the American public when the Soviet satellite Sputnik was launched in 1957. United states created NASA accelerate U.S. space exploration efforts and launched the Explorer 1 satellite in 1958. The Soviet Union was first again when it puts the first human, cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, into a single orbit on April 12, 1961. Shortly after this, on May 5, the U.S. launched Alan Shepard, on a suborbital flight and reached its orbital goal on February 20, 1962, when John Glenn made three orbits around the Earth in the Mercury capsule. The Mercury space capsule was a pressurized cabin produced by McDonnell Aircraft and carried supplies of water, food, and oxygen for about one day. Mercury was launched on a top of modified Atlas D ballistic missiles. The capsule was fitted with a launch escape rocket to carry it safely away from the launch vehicle in case of a failure. Small retrorockets were used to bring the spacecraft out of its orbit, after which an ablative heat shield protected it from the heat of atmospheric reentry. Finally, a parachute slowed the craft for a water landing. Both astronaut and capsule were recovered by helicopters deployed from a U.S. Navy ship. The Mercury project missions were followed by millions on radio and TV around the world. Its success laid the groundwork for Project Gemini, which carried two astronauts in each capsule and perfected space docking maneuvers essential for manned lunar landings in the Apollo program announced just a few weeks after the first manned Mercury launch.

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Tags

little joe lj 1 mercury msfc marshall space flight center mercury project project early rockets rocket launcher high resolution lj 1 mission mercury cupsule test vehicle mission launch pad flight facility tests escape system miss sam rocket engines rocket technology nasa
date_range

Date

21/01/1960
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in collections

Project Mercury

The first human spaceflight program of the United States.
place

Location

Marshall Spaceflight Center, Huntsville, Madison County, Alabama, United States, 35808 ,  34.63076, -86.66505
create

Source

NASA
link

Link

https://images.nasa.gov/
copyright

Copyright info

Public Domain Dedication (CC0)

label_outline Explore Escape System, Flight Facility, Early Rockets

Mercury Redstone II mission - Launch pad photos

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A view of a missile being fired from the aft launcher aboard the guided missile cruiser USS TICONDEROGA (CG 47)

Mercury 1A Mission - Earth Views

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A NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) RIM-7 Sea Sparrow missile launches through its foam launcher cover during a shipboard self-defense live-fire exercise onboard the U.S. Navy Nimitz Class Air Craft Carrier USS HARRY S. TRUMAN (CVN 75) on May 21, 2007, while the TRUMAN is in the Atlantic Ocean conducting carrier qualifications. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication SPECIALIST 2nd Class Kristopher Wilson) (Released)

A Soldier from 4th Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment,

A view through the loading arm door of various missiles in the magazine of the aft Mark 26 missile launcher aboard the nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser USS ARKANSAS (CGN-41)

Topics

little joe lj 1 mercury msfc marshall space flight center mercury project project early rockets rocket launcher high resolution lj 1 mission mercury cupsule test vehicle mission launch pad flight facility tests escape system miss sam rocket engines rocket technology nasa