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Surrounded by Viet Cong medical personnel, injured American POW, CPT David Earle Baker, (Captured 27 June 72) sits in the hospital tent prior to being turned over the American authorities. CPT Baker was one of the 27 American POWs released during the exchange of POWs by the Four Power Joint Military Commission

Surrounded by Viet Cong medical personnel, injured American POW, CPT David Earle Baker, (Captured 27 June 72) sits in the hospital tent prior to being turned over the American authorities. CPT Baker was one of the 27 American POWs who were released during the exchange of POWs by the Four Power Joint Military Commission

Surrounded by Viet Cong medical personnel, injured American POW, CPT David Earle Baker, (Captured 27 June 72) sits in the hospital tent prior to being turned over the American authorities. CPT Baker was one of the 27 American POWs who were released during the exchange of POWs by the Four Power Joint Military Commission

Former POW and U.S. Air Force CPT David Earle Baker, on crutches, walks away from the greeting party, MGEN John Gonge, Commander 22nd Air Force and BGEN Ralph Saunders after his arrival from Clark Air Base, Philippines. CPT Baker was captured on 27 Jun 72 in Cambodia and released by the Viet Cong at Loc Ninh on 12 Feb 73

Viet Cong soldiers carry a litter with injured American POW, CPT David Earle Baker, (Captured 27 June 72) from the hospital tent to the release point. American and South Vietnamese prisoners were exchanged for Viet Cong (VC) and North Vietnamese (NVA) prisoners

CPT David Earle Baker, U.S. Air Force, (Captured 27 Jun 72) shot down while flying his O-2 Forward Air Control aircraft and held captive by the Viet Cong until his release on February 12, 1973. He was one of twenty eight American POWs who were released during the prisoner exchange between the Viet Cong and the Americans and South Vietnamese

Ex-POW U.S. Army SGT Kenneth Wallingford (Captured 7 Apr 72) in a group of Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army personnel after his released by the Viet Cong to the American Military. He is one of the twenty eight American POWs released by Viet Cong on February 12, 1973

Soldiers from 1ST Platoon, Apache Troop, 2-5 Cav, 2nd BCT, 1ST Cav Div provide medical aide to a reporter from AP that received injuries from an insurgent's mortar attack during combat operation in Fallujah on Nov. 9, 2004 during Operation Iraqi Freedom. (U.S. Army photo by SGT. 1ST Class Johancharles Van Boers) (Released)

Surrounded by Viet Cong medical personnel, injured American POW, CPT David Earle Baker, (Captured 27 June 72) sits in the hospital tent prior to being turned over the American authorities. CPT Baker was one of the 27 American POWs released during the exchange of POWs by the Four Power Joint Military Commission

description

Summary

The original finding aid described this photograph as:

Subject Operation/Series: HOMECOMING

Base: Loc Ninh

Country: South Vietnam

Scene Camera Operator: SSGT Herman Kokojan

Release Status: Released to Public

Combined Military Service Digital Photographic Files

Beginning in 1950, American military advisors arrived in what was then French Indochina. U.S. involvement escalated in the early 1960s, with troop levels tripling in 1961 and again in 1962. U.S. involvement escalated further following the 1964 Gulf of Tonkin incident, in which a U.S. destroyer clashed with North Vietnamese fast attack craft, which was followed by the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which gave the U.S. president authorization to increase U.S. military presence. Regular U.S. combat units were deployed beginning in 1965. Operations crossed international borders: bordering areas of Laos and Cambodia were heavily bombed by U.S. forces as American involvement in the war peaked in 1968, the same year that the communist side launched the Tet Offensive. The Tet Offensive failed in its goal of overthrowing the South Vietnamese government, but became the turning point in the war, as it persuaded a large segment of the U.S. population that its government's claims of progress toward winning the war were illusory despite many years of massive U.S. military aid to South Vietnam. Gradual withdrawal of U.S. ground forces began as part of "Vietnamization", which aimed to end American involvement in the war while transferring the task of fighting the Communists to the South Vietnamese themselves. Despite the Paris Peace Accord, which was signed by all parties in January 1973, the fighting continued. In the U.S. and the Western world, a large anti-Vietnam War movement developed as part of a larger counterculture. The war changed the dynamics between the Eastern and Western Blocs, and altered North–South relations. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_War Direct U.S. military involvement ended on 15 August 1973. The capture of Saigon by the North Vietnamese Army in April 1975 marked the end of the war, and North and South Vietnam were reunified the following year. The war exacted a huge human cost in terms of fatalities (see Vietnam War casualties). Estimates of the number of Vietnamese soldiers and civilians killed vary from 800,000 to 3.1 million. Some 200,000–300,000 Cambodians, 20,000–200,000 Laotians, and 58,220 U.S. service members also died in the conflict, with a further 1,626 missing in action.

On January 27, 1973, the United States agreed to a ceasefire with North Vietnam allowing withdrawal of American military forces from South Vietnam. The agreement also included the release of about 600 American prisoners of war. On Feb. 12, 1973, three C-141 flew to Hanoi, North Vietnam, and one C-9A aircraft was sent to Saigon, South Vietnam to pick up released prisoners of war. The first flight of 40 U.S. prisoners of war left Hanoi in a C-141A, later known as the "Hanoi Taxi". From February 12 to April 4, there were 54 C-141 missions flying out of Hanoi, bringing the former POWs home, the total number of returned was 591. The return of the nearly 600 POWs increased the polarization of the public and media. A majority of the POWs returned in Operation Homecoming were bomber pilots shot down while carrying out the campaign waged against civilian targets located in Vietnam and Laos. Many viewed the freed POWs as heroes, while others questioned if treating these men as heroes served to distort and obscure the truth about the war. Some felt these men deserved to be treated as war criminals or left in the North Vietnamese prison camps. Many worried that Homecoming hid the fact that people were still fighting and dying on the battlefields of Vietnam and caused the public to forget about the over 50,000 American lives the war had already cost. Veterans of the war had similar thoughts concerning Operation Homecoming with many stating that the ceasefire and returning of prisoners brought zero sense of an ending or closure. Operation Homecoming has been largely forgotten by the American public.

label_outline

Tags

viet cong personnel american pow american pow cpt david earle baker cpt david earle baker tent authorities american authorities cpt baker exchange power joint military commission vietnam war loc ninh prisoner exchange coming home prisoners of war exchange prisoners captain staff sergeant operation homecoming hanoi taxi prisoners exchange commission vietcong hanoi high resolution four power joint military commission pows ssgt herman kokojan loc ninh south vietnam hospitals nurses physicians doctor physician medical care copyright free medical images us national archives vietnam pow
date_range

Date

12/02/1973
collections

in collections

Vietnam War

Vietnam War 1964-1975

Hanoi Taxi

Operation Homecoming
place

Location

create

Source

The U.S. National Archives
link

Link

https://catalog.archives.gov/
copyright

Copyright info

No known copyright restrictions

label_outline Explore Ssgt Herman Kokojan, Loc Ninh, Loc Ninh Prisoner Exchange

LCOL Daniel James Doughty (Captured 2 Apr 67) at the microphones talks to people who came out to greet the returning POWs on their nighttime arrival at Scott. LCOL Doughty was released by the North Vietnamese in Hanoi on 12 Feb 73

Artwork: Prisoners of War Art - Vietnam, camp of detention for U.S. pilots captured in Vietnam - untitled (family at sanctuary door) Artist: LT Ronald M. Mastin

Former POW and U.S. Air Force LCOL Lewis Wiley Shattuck (Captured 11 Jul 66) salutes the American Flag upon his arrival on the C-141 Starlifter from Clark Air Base, Philippines. In the background MGEN John Gonge, 22nd Air Force Commander and MGEN Daniel "Chappie" James await the next returnee to deplane. LCOL Shattuck was in the first group of POWs released on 12 Feb 73 by the North Vietnamese government in Hanoi

Returned POW U.S. Navy LCMDR Everett Alvarez (Captured 5 Aug 64) looks at a letter in his room at the base hospital. LCMDR Alvarez was held longer by the North Vietnamese than any other American POW. He was released on 12 Feb 73 in Hanoi

Photograph of Specialist 4th Class McClanton Miller Kneeling in Dense Brush Waiting for Orders to Move Forward

Former POW and U.S. Air Force LCOL James Quincy Collins Jr. talks with escorts and other POWs in the passenger lounge after his arrival from Clark Air Base, Philippines. LCOL Collins was captured on 2 Sep 65 and released by the North Vietnamese in Hanoi on 12 Feb 73

Photograph of Staff Sergeant Hugh L. Maple Playing with a Vietnamese Child

Retired Command Sgt. Maj. Bennie G. Adkins laughing

Nguyen Chi Thanh and Chu Huy Man

Former POW and U.S.Air Force COL Ronald E. Byrne Jr. (Captured 29 Aug 65) at microphones talks to press and public who were there to greet the returning POWs. On left GEN Robbins, HQ Military Airlift Command, listens. Flanking COL Byrne are unidentified former POW (left) and U.S. Air Force CPT Thomas Joseph Barrett (Captured 5 Oct 65). COL Byrne and CPT Barrett were released by the North Vietnamese in Hanoi on 12 Feb 73

Viet Cong POWs, one with a Viet Cong flag, stand and sit at the exchange location. They were flown in on USAF C-130 aircraft from Bien Hoa Air Base. They will be exchanged for American and South Vietnamese POWs held by the Viet Cong forces

Friends and families await the return of Marines and

Topics

viet cong personnel american pow american pow cpt david earle baker cpt david earle baker tent authorities american authorities cpt baker exchange power joint military commission vietnam war loc ninh prisoner exchange coming home prisoners of war exchange prisoners captain staff sergeant operation homecoming hanoi taxi prisoners exchange commission vietcong hanoi high resolution four power joint military commission pows ssgt herman kokojan loc ninh south vietnam hospitals nurses physicians doctor physician medical care copyright free medical images us national archives vietnam pow