Detail: decorated initial-word panel ~Bereshit~ (In the beginning), at the beginning of Genesis. Image taken from f. 3 of Pentateuch, Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~) and ~Haftarot~ with ~masorah~ and Rash's co More
Full-page miniature of the plan of nine spheres according to the Ptolemaic system. Outermost circle: the Hebrew names of the zodiac signs, the second circle: names of Hebrew months corresponding to the zodiac s More
Initial-word panel inhabited by a dragon and a bird, decorated with gold letters, white vine scrolls and gold leaves at the corners, at the beginning of Ruth. Image taken from f. 452 of Pentateuch, Five Scrolls More
Main text (end of Deuteronomy and a colophon of the scribe) is written in geometrical forms; Rashi's commentary and another colophon in the outer margin are written in the form of the Hebrew word hazaq (Be stro More
Drawing of a lion and a bird in the inner margin under the Targumic text, at ~parashat be-huqqotai~ (Lev. 26:3-27:34). Image taken from ff. 146v-147 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi’s commentary (ff. More
Decorated masoretic list with initial-word panels and a full border, with penwork decoration and pen-flourishing. Image taken from f. 5v of Pentateuch (the 'Almanzi Pentateuch') with ~Haftarot~ and Five Scrolls More
Detail of a page: initial-word panel with gold letters, pen-flourishing and medallions inhabited by hybrids, at the beginning of the Book of Leviticus. Image taken from f. 195 of Pentateuch, Five Scrolls (~Hame More
Detail of a decorated initial-word panel at the beginning of Lamentations. Image taken from f. 419v of Pentateuch (the 'Almanzi Pentateuch') with ~Haftarot~ and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~). Written in Hebrew.
Decorated catchword, ~Lot~ (Lot) in the lower margin of the leaf, at the masoretic notes on Genesis. Image taken from f. 192v of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~), ~ More
Initial-word panel with penwork decoration, at the beginning of Ruth. Image taken from f. 223v of Pentateuch with Targum and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-219); Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 220-244v); ~Haf More
Micrography at Genesis 22-23. Image taken from f. 16v of Pentateuch (the 'London Catalan Pentateuch') (ff. 1v-171v), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 172-225), and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 225-246) with ~masorah ma More
Initial-word panel with gold letters, pen-flourishing and medallions inhabited by hybrids, at the beginning of the Book of Leviticus. Image taken from f. 195 of Pentateuch, Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~) and More
Detail: micrography of a tree with birds, at Numbers (ch. 2-3). Image taken from f. 187v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-273), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 274-297v), and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 298-3 More
Full-page miniature of a giant bird, ~Bar Yokhnai~, one of the eschatological animals, which the rabbis identified with ~Ziz~. Caption: 'This is a bird which is called Bar Yokhnai'. On ~Bar Yokhnai~ see e.g. Ba More
Micrography of the mitre for the high priest, at ~parashat pequdei~ (Ex. 38:21-40:38), connected to the passage, 'and the cap of linen, and the glorious high hats of linen' (Ex. 39:27). Image taken from f. 110v More
Carmina figurata of two human heads, at chapter 4 of Esther. Image taken from f. 305 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-272), Five Scrolls (Hamesh megillot; ff. 273-311v) and Haftar More
Marginal micrographic design of foliate scroll and a bird standing on top of three square boxes pecking from the upper one illustrating the chief baker’s dream of Joseph's story saying, ‘I also had a dream: the More
Initial-word panel ~Elleh~ (these) decorated with floral border inhabited by birds, and with a medallion containing a coat of arms (of Joab Emmanuel), at the beginning of Exodus. Image taken from f. 76v of Pent More
Inhabited initial-word panel, ~Way-yikra~ (and the Lord called) with gold letters and with two dragons, at the beginning of Leviticus. Image taken from f. 55 of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Fiv More
Detail: micrography of a menorah in the outer margin. Image taken from f. 107 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-272), Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 273-311v) and ~Haftarot~( More
Detail of a full-page panel: initial-word panel ~Wa-yehi~ (and it came to pass) inhabited by hybrids, a lion and a deer, at the beginning of Ruth. Image taken from f. 294 of Pentateuch (the 'Duke of Sussex's Ge More
Initial word, ~Bereshit~ (in the beginning) inhabited by animals and hybrids at the beginning of the masoretic notes on Genesis. Image taken from f. 190 of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scr More
Initial-word panel, ~Wa-yeshev~ (And Jacob dwelt in the land) inhabited by two hybrids, at the beginning of ~Parashat wa-yeshev~ (Gen. 37:1-40:23). Image taken from f. 20v of Miscellany of biblical and other te More
Decorated initial-word panel, ~Bereshit~ (in the beginning), at the beginning of Genesis. Image taken from f. 1v of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~), ~Haftarot~, an More
Detail of a page: decorated initial-word panel at the beginning of Ruth. Image taken from f. 242v of Pentateuch, ~Haftarot~ and the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~). Written in Hebrew.
Decorated chapter numbers of the Psalms with pen-flourishing. Image taken from f. 16 of Parts of the Scriptures (~Ketuvim~): Psalms (ff. 6v-109v), Proverbs (ff. 110-146), Job (ff. 146v-188), Five Scrolls (~Ham More
Detail: micrograpy of an armoured knight on horseback approaching a castle, at Numbers (ch. 8-9). Image taken from f. 201v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-273), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 274-297v), and Five Scro More
Folio with illegible inscriptions on the upper part. Image taken from f. 1 of Miscellany of biblical and other texts ('The Northern French Miscellany' or earlier 'the British Museum Miscellany'): including the More
Initial-word panel ~Koh~ (so) incorporated into a Gothic architectural structure inhabited by two armed hybrids and two unicorns, at the beginning of the ~Haftarot~. Image taken from f. 314 of Pentateuch (the ' More
Initial-word panel decorated with a floral border inhabited by putti and birds, at the beginning of the mishnaic tractate ~Pirqei Avot~. Image taken from f. 112 of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the More
Micrography at Genesis 15. Image taken from f. 56 of Pentateuch (the 'London Catalan Pentateuch') (ff. 1v-171v), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 172-225), and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 225-246) with ~masorah magna~ More
Full-page miniature of Adam and Eve with the female-headed serpent and the Tree of Knowledge. Caption: 'This is Adam and Eve naked and the Tree of Knowledge and the serpent'. Image taken from f. 520v of Miscell More
Micrography of a menorah, at ~parashat wa-yaqhel~ (Ex. 35:1-38:20), next to the paragraph, ‘And he made the candlestick of pure gold’ (Ex. 37:17). Image taken from f. 107 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and R More
Micrography of two dogs chasing a deer, at Numbers (ch. 2-3). Image taken from f. 188 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-273), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 274-297v), and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 298-318) More
Detail of a page: marginal drawing of a deer. Image taken from f. 55v of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~), ~Haftarot~, and grammatical treatises. Written in Hebrew.
Initial word ~We-elle shemot~ (And these are the names) inhabited by dragons, birds, hybrids, at the beginning of Exodus. Image taken from f. 63v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-273), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 2 More
Full-page miniature of the twelve rods with the flourishing rod of Aaron in the middle (Num. 17:17-25). Caption: 'These are the twelve rods, and the rod of Aaron was among their rods'. Image taken from f. 519v More
Drawings of a dog and two hybrids at the marginal text column containing Rashi’s commentary. Image taken from f. 49v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-272), Five Scrolls (~Hamesh m More
Full-page miniature depicting scenes from Daniel. Upper register: Hananyah, Mishael, Azaryah in front of Nebuchadnezzar. Caption: 'This is Nebuchadnezzar talking to Hananyah, Mishael, and Azaryah.' Lower regis More
Frontispiece at the beginning of Leviticus: initial-word panel is decorated with penwork and full floral border. Image taken from f. 88 of Pentateuch, ~Haftarot~ and the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~). Writte More
Detail of a page: micrography of the four creatures of Ezekiel's vision, at the text of Ezekiel, the ~haftarah~ for the first day of Shemini Atzeret. Image taken from f. 285 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (f More
Initial-word panel ~Divrei~ (words) at the beginning of Ecclesiastes. The initial word is surrounded by small medallions inhabited by animals and embedded into a Gothic architectural structure with King David p More
A ~hazzan~ (cantor) in prayer shawl standing in front of an open Torah scroll under an arched structure. On the scroll, a colophon written by the punctuator, Samuel ben Abraham of Molerstadt. The miniature is More
Detail: initial-word panel with foliate motifs at the corners and a small dragon included into a golden medallion, at the beginning of ~parashat hayyei Sarah~ (Gen. 23:1-25:18). Image taken from f. 39 of Pentat More
Detail: drawing of a goat at Numbers 7. Image taken from f. 161v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-272), Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 273-311v) and ~Haftarot~(ff. 312-381) More
Detail: decorated initial word. Image taken from f. 57 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-272), Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 273-311v) and ~Haftarot~(ff. 312-381) with Rashi More
Decorated initial-word panel, ~Shir~ (song) with gold letters, at the beginning of the Song of Songs (~Shir ha-Shirim~) belonging to the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh Megillot~). Image taken from f. 117v of Pentateuch More
~Parashah~ sign decorated with pen-flourishing. Image taken from f. 25v of Pentateuch (the 'Almanzi Pentateuch') with ~Haftarot~ and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~). Written in Hebrew.
The four creatures described in the vision of Ezekiel (Ez. 1:5-12) incorporated into a frame around a liturgical poem referring to the Divine Throne written by Benjamin bar Samuel (Davidson vol.2 , no. 190). I More
Full-page miniature of the celestial bodies, with the sun, moon, and stars represented within a wheel. Caption: ‘These are a sun and a moon and stars within this wheel' . Yael Zirlin identify the miniature with More
A drawing of a lion in the inner margin, at ~parashat mishpatim~ (Ex. 21:1-24:18). Image taken from f. 84v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi’s commentary (ff. 1-240v), ~Haftarot~ with Rashi’s commenta More
Decorated initial-word panel ~We-elleh~ (and these) with gold letters and white vine scrolls, at the beginning of Exodus. Image taken from f. 104v of Pentateuch, Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~) and ~Haftarot~ More
Decorated initial word accompanied by a dragon in the main text; decorated initial-word panel and initial word in the marginal texts. Image taken from f. 11v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commen More
Frontispiece at the beginning of Deuteronomy: initial-word panel with penwork decoration and full floral border inhabited by birds, and with the sun and a blank coat of arms. Image taken from f. 256 of Pentateu More
Detail: ~carmina figurata~ of a chalice held by an arm, at ~parashat we-zot ha-berakhah~ (Deut. 33:1-34:12). Image taken from f. 269 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-272), Five Sc More
Micrography of Jonah resting under the gourd (Jonah 4:6), at the text of Jonah, the ~haftarah~ for Yom Kippur. Image taken from f. 292v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-273), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 274-297v), More
Initial-word panel decorated with a floral border, at the beginning of the Haggadah. Image taken from f. 71v of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~), ~Haftarot~, and gr More
Detail: initial-word panel inhabited by a small bird (a duck?), at the beginning of ~parashat wa-yelekh~ (Deut. 31:1-30). Image taken from f. 411 of Pentateuch, Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~) and ~Haftarot~ w More
Detail of a page: initial-word panel, ~We-elleh~ (and these) with gold letters and foliate decoration, at the beginning of Exodus. Above the panel, figural micrography from masoretic notes. Image taken from f. More
Full-page panel inhabited by hybrids and dragons, and four knights holding banners with the symbols of the four tribes camped around the Tabernacle (Judah, Reuben, Ephraim, Dan), and with the initial-word panel More
Decorated chapter number of the Psalms with pen-flourishing. Image taken from f. 13v of Parts of the Scriptures (~Ketuvim~): Psalms (ff. 6v-109v), Proverbs (ff. 110-146), Job (ff. 146v-188), Five Scrolls (~Ham More
Marginal drawing of a hybrid with a bird body and a devil head, at ~parashat mishpatim~ (Ex. 21:1-24:18). Image taken from f. 83v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi’s commentary (ff. 1-240v), ~Haftarot More
Text page at the beginning of the Book of Esther belonging to the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh Megillot~). Image taken from f. 128 of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~), ~Ha More
Full-page miniature of Abraham lifting his knife upon Isaac and being stopped by an angel who is pointing to the substitute offering for Isaac, the ram stuck in the bush. Caption: 'This is the sacrifice of Isaa More
Drawing of a multi-tailed dragon at the end of the marginal column containing the Targumic text, at ~parashat wa-yiggash~ (Gen. 46:8-47:27). Image taken from f. 43v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's More
Micrography of foliate with dragons, at the beginning of Numbers. Image taken from f. 184 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-273), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 274-297v), and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 298- More
Inscription: the first owner's name, MEIR in acrostic, and the date in the word ZION (its numerical value is 156, that is 1396 CE). Image taken from f. 117 of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five More
Frontispiece at the beginning of Genesis with penwork decoration and full floral border inhabited by birds and with a coat of arms in its upper part. Image taken from f. 2 of Pentateuch, ~Haftarot~ and the Five More
Micrograpy of an armoured knight on horseback approaching a castle, at Numbers (ch. 8-9). Image taken from f. 201v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-273), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 274-297v), and Five Scrolls (~H More
Initial-word panel, ~Way-yedabber~ (and the Lord spake) with gold letters and inhabited by dragons, at the beginning of Numbers. Image taken from f. 73 of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scro More
Micrography of the four creatures of Ezekiel's vision, at the text of Ezekiel, the ~haftarah~ for the first day of Shemini Atzeret. Image taken from f. 285 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-273), ~Haftar More
Detail of a full floral border inhabited by two lions holding a blank coat of arms. Image taken from f. 11v of Pentateuch (the 'Almanzi Pentateuch') with ~Haftarot~ and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~). Writte More
Full-page miniature of the Tree of Life guarded by four angels. Caption in the outer margin: 'This is the Tree of Life and a flaming sword that turned every way' (cf. Gen. 3:24). Image taken from f. 122 of Misc More
Detail: threefold catchword in the lower margin. Image taken from f. 16v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-272), Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 273-311v) and ~Haftarot~(ff. 3 More
Micrography at the beginning of ~parashat Bo~ (Exodus 10:1-13:16). Image taken from f. 50 of Pentateuch (the 'London Catalan Pentateuch') (ff. 1v-171v), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 172-225), and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megi More
Drawing of a two-headed bird with spread wings framing the marginal text, at ~parashat wa-yehi~ (Gen. 47:28-50:26). Image taken from f. 59 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi’s commentary (ff. 1-240v), More
Initial-word panel decorated with floral border inhabited by birds, at the beginning of Leviticus. Image taken from f. 142v of Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary and Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-310v); ~Haftarot~ with More
Detail of a page: drawing of a dog at the marginal text. Image taken from f. 49v of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-272), Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 273-311v) and ~Haftaro More
Micrography of a bird, a fish and a dragon, at Numbers (ch. 5). Image taken from f. 194 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-273), ~Haftarot~ (ff. 274-297v), and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~; ff. 298-31 More
Drawing of a goat at the top of the Targumic text column in the inner margin, at Numbers 7, probably illustrating the 'young he goat for a sin offering' (Num. 7:84). Image taken from f. 161v of Pentateuch with More
Carmina figurata of a hybrid, at parashat matot (Num. 30:2-32:42). Image taken from f. 199 of Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos and Rashi's commentary (ff. 1-272), Five Scrolls (Hamesh megillot; ff. 273-311v) and More
Miniature of a bird of prey attacking another, smaller bird and a dog coming out of a gold horn. The miniature is connected to the initial word ~We-hayyah~ (And it shall be), at the beginning of ~parashat tavo~ More
Initial-word panel ~Wa-yehi~ (and it came to pass) inhabited by hybrids, a lion and a deer, at the beginning of Ruth. Image taken from f. 294 of Pentateuch (the 'Duke of Sussex's German Pentateuch') with Targum More
Carmina figurata: last page of Deuteronomy written in geometric form. Image taken from f. 116v of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scrolls (Hamesh megillot), Haftarot, and grammatical treatise More
Detail of an initial-word panel ~Wa-yedabber~ (And the Lord spake unto Moses) inhabited by a dragon, at the beginning of Numbers. Image taken from f. 68v of Miscellany of biblical and other texts ('The Northern More
Full-page miniature with diamonds inhabited by lions and spread eagles both crowned, and with the initial-word panel ~Wa-yiqra~ (and [the Lord] called) in its centre, at the beginning of Leviticus. Image taken More
Text page, at the beginning of the masoretic notes on Esther. Image taken from f. 234v of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~), ~Haftarot~, and grammatical treatises. W More
Detail: initial-word panel inhabited by a dragon and a bird, decorated with gold letters, white vine scrolls and gold leaves at the corners, at the beginning of Ruth. Image taken from f. 452 of Pentateuch, Five More
Detail of a page: inhabited initial-word panel at the beginning of the grammatical treatise of Yequtiel ben Judah ha-Naqdan, ~Ein ha-Qoreh~ (The Eye of the Reader). The gold initial word, ~Barukh~ (blessed) is More
Marginal micrographic design of foliate scroll. Image taken from f. 57v of Pentateuch (the 'Duke of Sussex's German Pentateuch') with Targum Onkelos (ff. 1-290), small pieces on the feasts (ff. 291-293v), Five More
Text page. Image taken from f. 149 of Pentateuch (the 'Almanzi Pentateuch') with ~Haftarot~ and Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~). Written in Hebrew.
Miniature of a dragon in a panel at the bottom of the first text column, at the end of Leviticus. Initial-word panel ~Wa-yedabber~ (And the Lord spake unto Moses) inhabited by a dragon, at the beginning of Numb More
Full-page miniature of Noah's Ark with the raven seated on the ark and the dove returning with a sprig of olive in its peak (Gen. 8:7-11). Caption: 'This is Noah in the ark and the dove resting on it'. Image ta More
Detail: initial-word panel decorated with a floral border, at the beginning of the Haggadah. Image taken from f. 71v of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~), ~Haftarot~ More
Decorated initial-word panel at the beginning of Esther. Image taken from f. 258v of Pentateuch, ~Haftarot~ and the Five Scrolls (~Hamesh megillot~). Written in Hebrew.
Full-page miniature of Aaron pouring oil into the lighted lamps of the Tabernacle menorah. Caption: ‘This is the menorah, and Aaron putting oil to the lamps.’ Image taken from f. 114 of Miscellany of biblical a More
Detail of a page: decorated initial-word panel ~Elleh~ (these) and a medallion containing the coat of arms of Joab Emmanuel, at the beginning of Exodus. Image taken from f. 76 of Pentateuch with Rashi's comment More
Full-page miniature of a palm of a right hand with chiromantic descriptions. Image taken from f. 115 of Miscellany of biblical and other texts ('The Northern French Miscellany' or earlier 'the British Museum Mi More
Initial-word panel, ~Elleh~ (these) with gold letters and inhabited by dragons and hybrids, at the beginning of Deuteronomy. Image taken from f. 96v of Pentateuch (the 'Coburg Pentateuch') with the Five Scroll More