The Gibson goddess - Public domain portrait drawing

Der Höhepunkt der Stummfilmzeit (1910er-1920er Jahre) war eine Zeit künstlerischer Innovation. Stummfilmstars mussten ihre Gesichter benutzen, um jede Emotion auszudrücken - eine Fähigkeit, die bei den meisten Schauspielern verloren ging, als Tonfilm Stummfilme ersetzte. Mehrere Stummfilmstars wie Wallace Beery, Shearer, Laurel and Hardy, Greta Garbo und Janet Gaynor schafften den erfolgreichen Übergang zum Tonfilm.

By 1908 there were 10,000 permanent movie theaters in the U.S. alone. For the first thirty years, movies were silent, accompanied by live musicians, sound effects, and narration. Until World War I, movie screens were dominated by French and Italian studios. During Great War, the American movie industry center, "Hollywood," became the number one in the world. By the 1920s, the U.S. was producing an average of 800 feature films annually, or 82% of the global total. Hollywood's system and its publicity method, the glamourous star system provided models for all movie industries. Efficient production organization enabled mass movie production and technical sophistication but not artistic expression. In 1915, in France, a group of filmmakers began experimenting with optical and pictorial effects as well as rhythmic editing which became known as French Impressionist Cinema. In Germany, dark, hallucinatory German Expressionism put internal states of mind onscreen and influenced the emerging horror genre. The Soviet cinema was the most radically innovative. In Spain, Luis Buñuel embraced abstract surrealism and pure aestheticism. And, just like that, at about its peak time, the silent cinema era ended in 1926-1928.