Martin Johnson Heade - Haystacks on the Newburyport Marshes - Walters 372531

Frederic Edwin Church (1826–1900) was an American landscape painter born in Hartford, Connecticut. He was a central figure in the Hudson River School of American landscape painters, perhaps best known for painting large panoramic landscapes, often depicting mountains, waterfalls, and sunsets, but also sometimes depicting dramatic natural phenomena that he saw during his travels to the Arctic and Central and South America. Church's paintings put an emphasis on light and a Romantic respect for natural detail. In his later years, Church painted classical Mediterranean and Middle Eastern scenes and cityscapes.

Martin Johnson Heade (1819-1904) was an American painter known for his landscapes, still lifes and seascapes. He was born in Lumberville, Pennsylvania, and later moved to New York City to pursue his career as an artist. Heade's paintings often depicted tropical birds, flowers and landscapes from his travels in South America and the Caribbean. His work was influenced by the Hudson River School and the Barbizon School, but he developed his own unique style combining realism and luminism. Heade's paintings are now in many major museums, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the National Gallery of Art.