Studies on bread and bread making at the University of Minnesota in 1899 and 1900 (1901) (14595715010)

Identifier: studiesonbreadbr101snyd (find matches)
Title: Studies on bread and bread making at the University of Minnesota in 1899 and 1900
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Snyder, Harry, 1867-1927 United States. Office of Experiment Stations
Subjects: Bread
Publisher: Washington : U.S. G.P.O.
Contributing Library: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library
Digitizing Sponsor: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library



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of high acidity,whi.^ apparently sound, invariably produce flours which are of poorkeej(3ing qualities, and Avhich make inferior grades of bread. ThedeAelopment of acid in bread making and the nature of the acid werediscu>sed in a former report.^ HEAT OF COMBUSTION OF SAMPLES. The heats of combustion of the various samples of flour and othermilling products, given in Table 2, were determined by use of thebomb calorimeter (fig. 1). The apparatus, which is a modification ofthat of Berthelot. deviled especially for use in such investigations as ^ The use of the ash iMjiiteiit a< a means of classifying flours was recently discussedby Fabris and Severini. Ann. Gabelle Eoma, 3 (1898), p. 27; abs. in Bui.-See.Chini. Paris, 20 i l898), p. 100. -^U. S. Dept. Agr., Oflice of Experiment Station.^ Bui. (57, p. 10. \ 11 these, and the method of manipulation have been described in detailin a forme report of this Office.^ and in publications of the Connec-ticuL (Siorr-;) Ex))erin2enL Station/-
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FiG. 1.—Bomb calorimeter. The bomb is made of line steel and is lined with platinum. It con-sists of a •yiinder to contain the substance to be burned and the oxygen ^ U. S. Dept. Agr., Office of Experiment Station^ Bui. 21.^ Connecticut Storrs Sta. Epts. 1894 and 1897. 12 for combustion, a cover to close the cylinder, and a collar to hold thecover ti^htly upon the C3^1inder. The material to be burned is com-pressed into a pellet in a press and is then placed in a small platinumcapsule which is suspended by platinum wires from the cover of thebomb. A coil of fine iron wire, for igniting* the substance electricalh^,is stretched between the two platinum wires which support the cap-sule and is made to rest upon the pellet within the capsule. The coveris then screwed tightl)^ upon the cylinder of the bomb, and the oxygenis introduced through a valve in the cover until the pressure in thebomb is 20 atmospheres. The vah^e is then tightly *dosed and theboml) is placed in a Britannia metal