crew procedures preflight

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Astronaut Grissom dons spacesuit for Mercury-Redstone 4 mission

Astronaut Grissom dons spacesuit for Mercury-Redstone 4 mission

S88-55875 (19 July 1961) --- Donning a spacesuit for the Mercury-Redstone 4 (MR-4) mission, astronaut Virgil I. (Gus) Grissom chats with spaceflight equipment specialist Joe W. Schmidt in the personal equipment... More

Astronauts Carpenter and Glenn relax following breakfast during MA-6 activity

Astronauts Carpenter and Glenn relax following breakfast during MA-6 a...

S64-10801 (1962) --- Astronauts M. Scott Carpenter (far left) and John H. Glenn Jr. relax following breakfast during Mercury Atlas 6 (MA-6) preflight activity. Glenn is the MA-6 pilot. Carpenter is the MA-6 bac... More

Astronaut John Glenn is suited up at Cape Canaveral during MA-6 activities

Astronaut John Glenn is suited up at Cape Canaveral during MA-6 activi...

S64-14843 (1962) --- Astronaut John H. Glenn Jr., pilot of the Mercury-Atlas 6 Earth-orbital space mission, is suited up at Cape Canaveral, Florida, during MA-6 preflight activities. Assisting Glenn is suit tec... More

Astronauts Grissom and Glenn hold discussion in Mercury Control Center

Astronauts Grissom and Glenn hold discussion in Mercury Control Center

S64-10761 (1962) --- Astronauts Virgil I. (Gus) Grissom (left) and John H. Glenn Jr. hold a discussion in the Mercury Control Center during Mercury-Atlas 6 preflight activity. Glenn is the MA-6 pilot. Grissom w... More

Astronaut John Glenn poses for press photographers at Cape Canaveral

Astronaut John Glenn poses for press photographers at Cape Canaveral

S64-14869 (February 1962) --- Astronaut John H. Glenn Jr., wearing a Mercury pressure suit, was the pilot of the Mercury-Atlas 6 (MA-6) mission. Glenn made America's first manned Earth-orbital spaceflight on Fe... More

Astronaut John Glenn leaving crew quarters prior to launch

Astronaut John Glenn leaving crew quarters prior to launch

S62-00222 (20 Feb. 1962) --- View of astronaut John H. Glenn Jr. and equipment specialist Joe Schmitt leaving crew quarters prior to Mercury-Atlas 6 (MA-6) mission. Glenn is in his pressure suit and is carrying... More

Astronaut John Glenn at preflight breakfast

Astronaut John Glenn at preflight breakfast

S62-00966 (20 Feb. 1962) --- Astronaut John H. Glenn Jr. (center) eats breakfast the morning of the launch of his Mercury-Atlas 6 (MA-6)spacecraft. Dr. William K. Douglas is at right. Photo credit: NASA

Astronaut Gordon Cooper receives preflight medical exam for Gemini 5 flight

Astronaut Gordon Cooper receives preflight medical exam for Gemini 5 f...

S65-28710 (17 Aug. 1965) --- Astronaut L. Gordon Cooper Jr., command pilot for the Gemini-5 spaceflight, has his blood pressure checked by Dr. Charles A. Berry, chief, Center Medical Programs, Manned Spacecraft... More

View of Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr. in Gemini 5 spacecraft

View of Astronaut Charles Conrad Jr. in Gemini 5 spacecraft

S65-48759 (21 Aug. 1965) --- View of astronaut Charles Conrad Jr. through the window as he sits in the Gemini-5 spacecraft during preflight activities.

Dietician prepares Gemini 7 crew preflight breakfast

Dietician prepares Gemini 7 crew preflight breakfast

S65-56311 (2 Dec. 1965) --- Kennedy Space Center food specialists prepare an Earth-bound meal for Gemini-7 astronauts. Astronauts' diet is strictly controlled before and during spaceflights to avoid interfering... More

Astronauts Young and Collins walk up ramp at Pad 19 during countdown

Astronauts Young and Collins walk up ramp at Pad 19 during countdown

S66-42754 (18 July 1966) --- Astronauts John W. Young (leading), command pilot, and Michael Collins, pilot, walk up the ramp at Pad 19 after arriving from the Launch Complex 16 suiting trailer during the prelau... More

Astronaut Michael Collins inspects camera during prelaunch activity

Astronaut Michael Collins inspects camera during prelaunch activity

S66-42763 (18 July 1966) --- Astronaut Michael Collins (left), Gemini-10 prime crew pilot, inspects a camera during prelaunch activity at Cape Kennedy, Florida. In center background is Dr. Donald K. Slayton, Ma... More

Astronauts Young and Collins undergo suiting up operations during countdown

Astronauts Young and Collins undergo suiting up operations during coun...

S66-42424 (18 July 1966) --- Astronauts John W. Young (right), command pilot, and Michael Collins (left), pilot, prime crew for the Gemini-10 spaceflight, undergo suiting up operations in the Launch Complex 16 ... More

Technicians close hatches on Gemini 11 spacecraft during countdown

Technicians close hatches on Gemini 11 spacecraft during countdown

S66-56177 (10 Sept. 1966) --- Technicians in the White Room atop Pad 19 prepare to close hatches on the Gemini-11 spacecraft during prelaunch countdown. Inside the spacecraft are astronauts Charles Conrad Jr., ... More

Gemini 11 prime crew prepare to enter Gemini 11 spacecraft

Gemini 11 prime crew prepare to enter Gemini 11 spacecraft

S66-57967 (10 Sept. 1966) --- Gemini-11 prime crew, astronauts Charles Conrad Jr. (right), command pilot, and Richard F. Gordon Jr. (left), pilot, prepare to enter the Gemini-11 spacecraft in the White Room ato... More

APOLLO - SUIT - APOLLO/SATURN 204 - CREW TEST - KSC

APOLLO - SUIT - APOLLO/SATURN 204 - CREW TEST - KSC

S66-58023 (1966) --- NASA suit technicians assist astronaut Virgil I. Grissom during suiting operations prior to tests at the Kennedy Space Center.

Prime crew of Apollo/Saturn Mission 204 prepares for water egress training

Prime crew of Apollo/Saturn Mission 204 prepares for water egress trai...

S66-58501 (27 Oct. 1966) --- The prime crew of the first manned Apollo Space Flight, Apollo/Saturn (AS) mission 204, is suited up aboard the NASA Motor Vessel Retriever (MVR) in preparation for Apollo water egr... More

Apollo 7 prime crew goes through suiting up operations prior to launch

Apollo 7 prime crew goes through suiting up operations prior to launch

The Apollo 7 prime crew goes through suiting up operations in the Kennedy Space Center's Manned Spacecraft Operations Building during the Apollo 7 prelaunch countdown. From front to rear, are Astronauts Walter ... More

View of White Room atop Pad A during Apollo 9 Countdown Demonstration Test

View of White Room atop Pad A during Apollo 9 Countdown Demonstration ...

S69-25884 (23 Feb. 1969) --- Interior view of the white room atop Pad A, Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Center, during Apollo 9 Countdown Demonstration Test activity. Standing next to spacecraft hatch is astr... More

Astronaut John Young during final suiting operations for Apollo 10 mission

Astronaut John Young during final suiting operations for Apollo 10 mis...

S69-34485 (18 May 1969) --- Astronaut John W. Young, Apollo 10 command module pilot, adjusts strap on his communications cap during suiting up operations for the lunar orbit mission. Minutes later astronauts Yo... More

Astronaut Richard F. Gordon suits up during Apollo 12 prelaunch countdown

Astronaut Richard F. Gordon suits up during Apollo 12 prelaunch countd...

Astronaut Richard F. Gordon Jr., Apollo 12 command module pilot, suits up in the Kennedy Space Center's Manned Spacecraft Operations Building during the Apollo 12 prelaunch countdown.

Astronaut Alan Shepard undergoes suiting up operations during Apollo 14

Astronaut Alan Shepard undergoes suiting up operations during Apollo 1...

S71-16638 (31 Jan. 1971) --- Astronaut Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander, undergoes suiting up operations at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) during the Apollo 14 prelaunch countdown. Apollo 14, with astronauts Shep... More

Apollo 14 crew arrive at White Room atop Pad A, Launch Complex 39

Apollo 14 crew arrive at White Room atop Pad A, Launch Complex 39

S71-16635 (31 Jan. 1971) --- The three Apollo 14 astronauts arrive at the White Room atop Pad A, Launch Complex 39, during the Apollo 14 prelaunch countdown. Apollo 14, with Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander; Stua... More

Astronaut Robert Crippen holds training model of Skylab experiment

Astronaut Robert Crippen holds training model of Skylab experiment

S72-43280 (15 June 1972) --- Astronaut Robert L. Crippen, Skylab Medical Experiment Altitude Test (SMEAT) commander, holds the training model of Skylab experiment T003, the aerosol analysis test, in this previe... More

Skylab (SL)-2 - Astronaut Joseph Kerwin - Suiting-Up - Prelaunch - KSC

Skylab (SL)-2 - Astronaut Joseph Kerwin - Suiting-Up - Prelaunch - KSC

S73-25900 (25 May 1973) --- Scientist-astronaut Joseph P. Kerwin, science pilot of the Skylab 2 mission, is suited up in the Manned Spacecraft Operations Building at the Kennedy Space Center during Skylab 2 pre... More

American ASTP backup crew suited for testing of Apollo spacecraft

American ASTP backup crew suited for testing of Apollo spacecraft

S75-21063 (January 1975) --- The three members of the American ASTP backup crew are suited up for the testing of the Apollo spacecraft at the Kennedy Space Center. They are (from foreground) astronauts Alan L. ... More

Cosmonauts Kubasov and Leonov participate in English language training

Cosmonauts Kubasov and Leonov participate in English language training

S75-32340 (July 1975) --- Cosmonauts Valeriy N. Kubasov (left) and Aleksey A. Leonov participate in English language training during Apollo-Soyuz Test Project preflight preparations at the Cosmonaut Training Ce... More

Astronauts Jack R. Lousma, right, and C. Gordon Fullerton greet the press

Astronauts Jack R. Lousma, right, and C. Gordon Fullerton greet the pr...

S82-25900 (21 Jan. 1982) --- Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, right, and C. Gordon Fullerton greet the press during a pre-STS-3 press conference in JSC?s Public Affairs Building. Lousma, commander and Fullerton, pilot... More

Pre-STS-3 press conference held at the JSC public affairs facility

Pre-STS-3 press conference held at the JSC public affairs facility

S82-25903 (21 Jan. 1982) --- Astronaut Jack R. Lousma, center, and C. Gordon Fullerton, left, respond to a visual depicting the Columbia and its remote manipulator system in space during a pre-STS-3 press confe... More

Flight Director Tommy Holloway during STS-5 pre-flight press briefing

Flight Director Tommy Holloway during STS-5 pre-flight press briefing

Flight Director Tommy Holloway listens to a question from a news media representative during a STS-5 pre-flight press briefing.

STS 41-G crew prepares to leave Operations and checkout bldg for launch

STS 41-G crew prepares to leave Operations and checkout bldg for launc...

41G-90081 / S17-90081 (5 Oct 1984) --- The seven member crew leaves the Operations and Checkout Building (OCB) to take a van ride to the launch pad. Leading the way is Kathryn D. Sullivan followed in file by R... More

Astronauts Sullivan and Ride synchronize their watches before liftoff

Astronauts Sullivan and Ride synchronize their watches before liftoff

41G-90082 / S17-90082 (5 Oct 1984) --- Astronauts Sally K. Ride (right) and Kathryn D. Sullivan, two of three mission specialists, synchronize their watches prior to ingressing the Space Shuttle Challenger on t... More

STS 51-D crewmembers gather to eat breakfast

STS 51-D crewmembers gather to eat breakfast

51D-9089 (S23-9089) (12 April 1985) --- The Space Shuttle mission 51-D crewmembers gather to eat breakfast prior to leaving for the launch pad to climb aboard Discovery for liftoff. From left to right Rhea Se... More

STS 51-D crewmembers depart KSC's operations and checkout building

STS 51-D crewmembers depart KSC's operations and checkout building

51D-9091 (S23-9091) (12 April 1985) --- The Space Shuttle mission 51-D crewmembers depart the Kennedy Space Center's operations and checkout building on their way to the launch pad for an early morning launch o... More

STS 51-F crewmembers depart KSC's operations and checkout building

STS 51-F crewmembers depart KSC's operations and checkout building

STS 51-F crewmembers depart the Kennedy Space Center's operations and checkout building on their way to the launch pad for the launch of the Discovery. Leading the way are Gordon Fullerton, commander; Loren Act... More

Christa McAuliffe meets other STS 51-L crewmembers

Christa McAuliffe meets other STS 51-L crewmembers

S85-39943 (9 Sept. 1985) --- Sharon Christa McAuliffe, STS-51L citizen observer/payload specialist representing the Teacher in Space Program, meets the other STS-51L crew members. The crew members pictured are ... More

STS 51-L crewmembers briefed during training session

STS 51-L crewmembers briefed during training session

S86-25186 (December 1985) --- Five members of the prime crew for NASA?s STS-51L mission and a backup crew member are briefed during a training session in the Johnson Space Center?s (JSC) Shuttle Mock-up and Int... More

Christa McAuliffe surveys middeck mockup

Christa McAuliffe surveys middeck mockup

S86-25188 (December 1985) --- Sharon Christa McAuliffe, a school teacher Concord New Hampshire, surveys a ground training replica of the quarters she?ll be using in space when the space shuttle Challenger taxis... More

STS-26 press conference with crewmembers and JSC Director Aaron Cohen

STS-26 press conference with crewmembers and JSC Director Aaron Cohen

STS-26 Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, crew including Commander Frederick H. Hauck and Pilot Richard O. Covey and JSC Director Aaron Cohen participate in press conference held at JSC Auditorium and Public ... More

STS-26 Mission Specialist (MS) Lounge relaxes in KSC O&C Bldg preflight

STS-26 Mission Specialist (MS) Lounge relaxes in KSC O&C Bldg prefligh...

STS-26 Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, Mission Specialist (MS) John M. Lounge relaxes in reclining chair after donning his orange launch and entry suit (LES) at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Operations an... More

STS-26 crewmembers leave KSC O&C Bldg on their way to the launch pad

STS-26 crewmembers leave KSC O&C Bldg on their way to the launch pad

STS-26 crewmembers, suited in launch and entry suits (LESs), leave the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Operations and Checkout (O&C) Building on their way to the launch complex (LC) pad 39B where they will board Dis... More

STS-27 Atlantis, OV-104, terminal countdown demonstration test (TCDT) at KSC

STS-27 Atlantis, OV-104, terminal countdown demonstration test (TCDT) ...

S88-53088 (2 Dec. 1988) --- The STS-27 crew strides down the ramp from the Operations and Checkout Building at Kennedy Space Center to grab a van that will take the crew members to Launch Complex 39 for the Dec... More

STS-29 crewmembers leave KSC Operations and Checkout (O&C) Building

STS-29 crewmembers leave KSC Operations and Checkout (O&C) Building

STS029-S-024 (13 March 1989) --- The flight crew for NASA's STS-29 mission leave the operations and checkout building en route to the van that will transport them to Launch Pad 39B, where Discovery awaits the ... More

STS-28 Columbia, OV-102, crewmembers leave KSC O&C Bldg en route to LC Pad 39

STS-28 Columbia, OV-102, crewmembers leave KSC O&C Bldg en route to LC...

STS028-S-001 (8 Aug 1989) --- The five astronaut crewmembers for STS-28 leave the operations and checkout building to board a transfer van en route to Launch Complex 39 for a date with Columbia. Front to back ... More

STS-34 crewmembers on 195 ft level of KSC LC Pad 39B during TCDT

STS-34 crewmembers on 195 ft level of KSC LC Pad 39B during TCDT

S89-46513 (15 Sept 1989) --- Three members of the STS-34 crew rehearse for their pre-launch procedures at Launch Pad 39B during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities at Kennedy Space Center (... More

STS-34 Atlantis, OV-104, crew eats preflight breakfast at KSC O&C Bldg

STS-34 Atlantis, OV-104, crew eats preflight breakfast at KSC O&C Bldg

STS034-S-021 (18 Oct 1989) --- The traditional light pre-launch breakfast greets the five astronaut crew-members for NASA's STS-34 mission in the Operations and Checkout Facility at Kennedy Space Center (KSC). ... More

STS-33 MS Carter on KSC LC Pad 39B 195 ft level with OV-103 in background

STS-33 MS Carter on KSC LC Pad 39B 195 ft level with OV-103 in backgro...

S90-27594 (November 1989) --- Manley L. "Sonny" Carter Jr., STS-33 mission specialist, wearing a Launch and Entry Suit (LES), poses in front of the space shuttle Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103 at the Kenne... More

STS-33 MS Thornton on KSC LC Pad 39B 195 ft level with OV-103 in background

STS-33 MS Thornton on KSC LC Pad 39B 195 ft level with OV-103 in backg...

STS-33 Mission Specialist (MS) Kathryn C. Thornton, wearing launch and entry suit (LES) and holding file folder, poses in front of Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, at the 195 ft level elevator entrance at K... More

STS-33 crewmembers on KSC LC Pad 39B 195 ft level with OV-103 in background

STS-33 crewmembers on KSC LC Pad 39B 195 ft level with OV-103 in backg...

S90-27591 (23 Jan 1990) --- STS-33 crewmembers, wearing launch and entry suit (LES), take a break from training activities to pose for group portrait in front of Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, at the 195 ... More

STS-31 crewmembers pose for informal portrait after T-30 briefing at JSC

STS-31 crewmembers pose for informal portrait after T-30 briefing at J...

STS-31 Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, crewmembers pose for an informal portrait after the T-30 (thirty days before launch) briefing at JSC's Auditorium and Public Affairs Facility Bldg 2. Standing behind ... More

STS-39 crewmembers arrive at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility (SLF) in T-38As

STS-39 crewmembers arrive at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility (SLF) in T...

STS039-S-003 (20 April 1991) --- Astronaut Michael L. Coats (right) addresses the news media after arriving at the Shuttle Landing Facility along with his six fellow crewmembers. From left are astronauts Richa... More

STS-47 MS Jemison works at SLJ Rack 5 during crew station review at KSC

STS-47 MS Jemison works at SLJ Rack 5 during crew station review at KS...

S92-44302 (25 July 1992) --- Astronaut Mae C. Jemison, mission specialist, examines the interior of the Spacelab-J laboratory module installed in Endeavour's cargo bay. The STS-47 crewmembers visited Endeavour... More

STS-47 crew leaves KSC's O&C Building on their way to Launch Complex 39

STS-47 crew leaves KSC's O&C Building on their way to Launch Complex 3...

STS047-S-038 (12 Sept 1992) --- The seven crewmembers who will be aboard for Endeavour's second trip into space leave the Operations and Checkout Building to board a van headed for Launch Complex 39. This miss... More

STS-55 Commander Nagel and Pilot Henricks participate in KSC preflight tests

STS-55 Commander Nagel and Pilot Henricks participate in KSC preflight...

S93-29830 (4 Nov 1992) --- Inside the Spacelab D-2 module in the Operations and Checkout Building high bay, STS-55 Mission Commander Steven R. Nagel (left) and Pilot Terence T. Henricks are participating in a m... More

STS-54 MS2 Harbaugh and MS3 Helms during slidewire egress training at KSC

STS-54 MS2 Harbaugh and MS3 Helms during slidewire egress training at ...

S93-25030 (15 Dec 1992) --- Two astronauts assigned to fly aboard Endeavour for the STS-54 mission are briefed on the slidewire escape system at the launch pad. Pictured in the slidewire litter are astronauts ... More

STS-59 crewmembers in training for onboard Earth observations

STS-59 crewmembers in training for onboard Earth observations

S93-42727 (26 Aug 1993) --- The six astronauts in training for the STS-59 mission are given some onboard Earth observations tips by Justin Wilkinson (standing, foreground) of the Space Shuttle Earth Observation... More

STS-58 crew at KSC for countdown demonstration

STS-58 crew at KSC for countdown demonstration

S93-45003 (20 Sept 1993) --- Posing for a crew portrait, in front of the Space Shuttle Columbia at Launch Pad 39B, are the seven STS-58 astronauts. They are, left to right, David A. Wolf, mission specialist; M... More